GI Anatomy Lab

Question 1

The pathologic retrograde movement of gastric contents into the esophagus,
resulting in inflammation termed esophagitis.

Answer 1

GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 2

What normally prevents GERD?

Answer 2

the lower esophageal sphincter, intra-abdominal location of the LES, and normal motility of the esophagus

Question 3

A ______ hernia involves movement of the gastroesophageal junction into the chest.

Answer 3

sliding

Question 4

In a _____ hernia, the gastroesophageal junction remains in the abdomen and a portion of the stomach herniates through the hiatus into hte chest.

Answer 4

paraesophageal hernia

Question 5

Surgical approach to antireflux surgery

Answer 5

1. reduction of hiatal hernia, 2. reapproximation of diaphragm, 3. identification of anterior/posterior vagal nerves, 4. ligation and division of the short gastric vessels, 5. recreation of the lower esophageal sphincter with fundoplication

Question 6

Two complications of peptic ulcer disease that increase morbidity and mortality.

Answer 6

hemorrhage (posterior duodenal ulcer) and perforation with peritonitis (anterior duodenal ulcer)

Question 7

_______excision of the lymph nodes with a segment of colon is the standard surgical therapy for colon cancer.

Answer 7

En block excision