Infectious agents Flashcards
1
Q
what is a virus?
A
- obligate intracellular parasites
- sub-microscopic infectious agents
- can infect all lifeforms
2
Q
what are the two types of antiviral drugs?
A
- viristatic
- viricidal
3
Q
what are the four different shapes of virus?
A
- helical
- polyhedral
- complex
- spherical
4
Q
what are the two components of a virus?
A
- genome
- capsid
5
Q
how does a virus replicate?
A
- virus attaches to a cell with a compatible receptor
- virus is taken into cell by endocytosis or fusing of the envelope
- replicated for new virus cells
- released from the cell, intact or destroyed
6
Q
what are the two types of transmission?
A
- direct
- indirect
7
Q
what is the incubation period?
A
- period of time between initial infection and development of symptoms
- caused by the time it takes for the virus to reach the cells, invade and replicate
8
Q
what are some treatment for viral infections?
A
- isolation
- supportive care
- vaccination
- antivirals
- interferon
9
Q
what is bacteria?
A
- organism often consisting of one biological cells
10
Q
what are the three types of prokaryotes?
A
- bacilli - cylindrical
- cocci - spherical
- spirochaetes - spiral
11
Q
what are some components of a bacteria?
A
- fimbrae
- flagellae
- bacterial chromosome
- plasmid
- ribosomes
- cytoplasm
- capsule
- cell wall
- cell membrane
12
Q
what colour does gram positive bacteria stain?
A
purple
13
Q
what colour does gram negative bacteria stain?
A
pink
14
Q
what are endospores?
A
- dormant forms of the bacteria
- formed to survive inhospitable conditions
15
Q
what are the conditions for bacterial growth?
A
- supply of nutrients
- correct temperature
- correct pH
- water
- correct gaseous environment
