Dietary Management of Inpatients Flashcards
what are the 5 vitals?
- 3 vitals = TPR assessment
- 4th vital - pain
- 5th vital - nutritional assessment
what is the body condition score assessment?
Method for evaluating body fat
what are critically ill patients more at risk of?
- malnutrition
- acute and chronic illness
- inflammation induced stress-related catabolism
- drug-induced adverse effects may reduce appetite or increase nausea
what are some indicators for malnutrition?
- unintentional weight loss
- poor coat condition
- muscle wastage
- delayed wound healing
- hypoalbuminaemia
what are some risk factors for malnutrition?
- anorexia
- severe underlying disease
- pancreatitis
what is RER?
function of metabolic body size. and represents the energy requirement of the patient while at rest
what is the RER calculation for animals between 2kg and 30kg?
30 x bodyweight + 70 = RER
what is the RER calculation for patients under 2kg and 30kg+?
70 x (bodyweight)*0.75
what is MER?
maintenance energy requirement including the energy needed for obtaining, digesting and absorbing food in amount to maintain body weight and energy for spontaneous exercise
what is the calculation for MER?
140 x (bodyweight)*0.75
what percentage of a hospitalised dog and cats diet should protein be?
dogs - 15-25%
cats - 25-35%
what does GE, DE, ME, and NE mean?
GE - Gross energy
DE - digestible energy
ME - metabolise energy
NE - net energy
what is the definition of malnutrition?
an imbalance of nutrients and includes both nutrients deficiencies and nutrient excess
what is the definition of nutrition?
how the body receives and processes food for growth, development, maintenance and repair
what are macronutrients?
energy producing
- carbohydrate - fat - protein
what are micronutrients?
non - energy producing
- water - minerals - vitamins
how many kcals are in 1g of carb?
3.5 kcals
how many kcals are in 1g of fat?
8.7 kcals
how many kcals are in 1g of protein?
3.5 kcals
how many calories is required to raise the temp of 1ml of water by 1 degree?
1 calorie
what can dogs synthesise that cats cannot?
taurine
what is important to aid in the conversion of ammonia to urea?
arginine
what happens to excess amino acids?
excreted by the liver and kidneys = urea
what are proteins needed for?
- energy
- growth and maintenance
- repair
