Infection Control Flashcards
What is Spauldings classification of Critical Instruments and level of processing required?
Instruments that enters sterile tissues including vascular system. Cleaning followed by sterilization.
What is Spauldings classification of Semi-Critical Instruments and level of processing required?
Instruments that comes in contact with non-intact skin or mucous membranes but doesn’t penetrate them. Cleaning followed by high level disinfection, sterilization preferred.
What is Spauldings classification of non-Critical Instruments and level of processing required?
Instruments that touches only intact skin and not mucous membrane, or does not directly touch patient. Cleaning followed by low level disinfection, sometimes cleaning is acceptable.
What is the definition of Sterilization?
Complete absence of life.
Definition of disinfection?
Destruction of vegetative pathogens, usually on inanimate objects.
What are -cides and -static ?
Cides=agents which kill
static= agents that prevent growth
What is sepsis?
Bacterial contamination and growth.
What is antiseptic?
Agent which destroys vegetative pathogens, usually on living tissue.
What is D value?
Tie required to kill 90% (1 log) at a specific temperature.
What is the relationship between log reduction and percent kill?
Log reduction represents the microbial percent kill. 1 log reduction= 90% kill 2 log= 99 3 log= 99.9 4 log= 99.99
Just count the nines.
What are Phenols and Phenolics ineffective against?
Naked viruses.
What are alcohols ineffective against? Isopropyl?
No activity on spores. Isopropyl won’t inactivate naked viruses.
Halogens are easily inactivated by what?
Organic material
Heavy metals are used as what type of agents?
Low level bacteriostatic and fugistatic agents
What is the optimal antimicrobial hand treatment?
4% chlorhexdine.
