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Growth and Developement > Infancy > Flashcards

Infancy Flashcards

1
Q

Objectives

A

Identify key development milestones of the newborn through late infancy

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2
Q

-Birth to 12mths
-Slight overlap with neonate (birth to 4wks)
-Rapid physical growth
By end of year….
-Manipulation of objects
-locomotion
-Rapid maturation
-Quite a bit of the CNS

A

Infancy

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3
Q

Increase in length by 50% or greater

-Fig 4.1, p93- good pictures of growth

A

Height

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4
Q

Typically, birth weight triples by end of first
year
-Fig 4.1, p93- good pictures of growth

A

Weight

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5
Q

HR @ birth- 120 to 140 bpm/ at 1 yr.- 80 to 100 bpm

BP @ birth- 80/55; at 1 yr.- 95-100/55.

A

Vital Signs

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6
Q
  • Early Infancy
  • Middle Infancy
  • Late Infancy
  • Infancy Transition
A

Subdivision of the 1st year in 4 time frames

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7
Q

Birth to 3mths

A

Early Infancy

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8
Q

4-6mths

A

Middle Infancy

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9
Q

7-9mths

A

Late Infancy

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10
Q

10-12mths

A

Infancy Transition

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11
Q

Each time frame looks at:

A 
Gross Motor
Fine Motor
Oral-Motor
Cognitive-Language
Personal-Social
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12
Q 
-Lifts head in prone
45 degrees (1-2mths)
90 degrees (2-3mths)
-Total head lag in pull-to-sit (NB)
Decrease in head leg (1-3mths)
A

Gross Motor

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13
Q

-Hands closed most of the time initially
Begin to open more (1-3mths); prereaching & ulnar grasp
-Sucking of hands

A

Fine Motor

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14
Q

Suckling pattern

Coordinates suck, swallow, and respiration

A

Oral- Motor

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15
Q

Cries, coos, chuckles, vocalizes when not crying

A

Cognitive-Language

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16
Q

-Cries to communicate
-Calms to face or voice
-Visual tracking
~NB- not across midline
~ 3mths- across midline

A

Personal-Social

17
Q

All primitive, ATNR, TLR, palmar grasp, stepping, supporting
Rolls prone (side) to supine, supine (side) to prone (3-6mths)
Full prone extension (6mths)
Lifts head and helps w/pull-to-sit (5mths)
Hands and feet to mouth
Sits propped (5-6mths)
Supported standing w/weight bearing

A

Middle Infancy 4-6 Gross Motor reflexes appear?

18
Q
  • Midline play with both hands (4-5mths)
  • Grasping of objects placed in the palm (4mths)
  • Primarily ulnar & palmar grasp, reaches, and rakes
A

Middle Infancy 4-6 fine Motor reflexes appear?

19
Q

-Spoon feeding (4mths)
-No upper lip activity
-Disassociation of lip, jaw, tongue with true sucking
I-ncreased upper lip activity (5-6)

A

Middle Infancy 4-6 Oral reflexes appear?

20
Q
  • Infant will attempt to continue interesting experiences (secondary circular reactions)
  • Increase in sounds
  • Babbling begins; also attempting “da da”
A

Middle Infancy 4-6 fine Cognitive- language reflexes appear?

21
Q

Early play

Infant shows delight; laughs and chuckles

A

Middle Infancy 4-6 fine Personal-Social reflexes appear?

22
Q 
Sits erect (4-8)
Commando crawls (6-8)  *all fours pattern is creeping 
Begins sitting alone (7-9)
Pushes to hands and knees (8-9)
Rocks on hands and knees (8-9)
Quadruped begins (9 or sooner)
A

Gross Motor

23
Q

Radial palmar grasp (7)

Lateral pincer grasp (8-9) and voluntary release

A

Fine Motor

24
Q

Eats well with a spoon (7)

Initiation of solids; uses munching patterns (7-9)

A

Oral-Motor

25
Q

Babbles vowel-consonant sounds
Use of secondary circular reactions to control the environment
Object permanence develops

A

Cognitive-Language

26
Q

shows anger and fear
Will be upset if caregiver leaves
Early signs of caregiver attachment
Becomes an “emotional being”

A

Personal-Social

27
Q 
Improved equilibrium
Creeps on hands and knees (7-11) 
Pulls to stand (10-11)
Cruises with assist from furniture (10-11 typically)
Standing (11-12)
Progresses in walking
Inferior pincer grasp (10-11)
Pincer pad to pad grasp (11-12)
Superior pincer tip to tip grasp (12) Inferior pincer grasp (10-11)
A

Transitional Infancy 10-12mos Gross Motor

28
Q

opposition of the thumb to connect to the volar aspect of the finger

A

Inferior Pincer Grasp

29
Q

pad of thumb to pad of finger

A

Pincer Pad-to-Pad Grasp

30
Q

tip of thumb to tip of finger (example: use of a needle for sewing)

A

Superior Pincer Tip-to-Tip Grasp

31
Q

What does the progression of grasp ability assist with?

A

look up

32
Q 
Improved equilibrium
Creeps on hands and knees (7-11) 
Pulls to stand (10-11)
Cruises with assist from furniture (10-11 typically)
Standing (11-12)
A

Transitional Infancy 10-12 Gross Motor

33
Q

Eats solids with tongue lateralization

Diagonal and rotary jaw movement

A

Transitional Infancy 10-12 Oral-Motor

34
Q

First true word (11-12)
Babbles more sounds
Object permanence more secure
More sophisticated means-end relationship

A

Transitional Infancy 10-12 Cognitive-Language

35
Q

Shows an attachment style

Stranger anxiety

A

Transitional Infancy 10-12Personal-Social

36
Q

failure to fall within the normal ranges of milestone development

A

Developmental Delay-

37
Q

an infant may be in the low range of milestones, but the performance of the task is poor

A

Abnormal Development

38
Q

8mth old baby born at 28 weeks (40-28 = 12)
8mths- 3mths = 5mths old adjusted age for associated normative values
Considered until the infant is 2yrs. old

A

Adjusting Age for Prematurity

Growth and Developement (16 decks)

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