Adulthood Moving through Adulthood Flashcards
Let’s Review: Objectives
Discuss factors related to attainment of adulthood
Use the chapter information to distinguish age-related considerations when developing an exercise program for someone in adulthood
Age 18 to end of life
Specifically defined as:
Young adulthood what age?
20-40 y/o
Age 18 to end of life
Specifically defined as:
Middle adulthood is what age?
40-65 y/o
Age 18 to end of life
Specifically defined as:
Late adulthood what age?
65 and older
Skeletal system
Bones lose bone density between ages of __________, therefore becoming more porous.
25-35
Skeletal system
Osteoporosis occurs more in women post menopausal : there is _____________ & _______________w/aging.
loss of bone & disc height
intense sustained drive to achieve self-selected goals by usually poorly defined goals, competitiveness, persistent desire for recognition & advancement, continuous involvement in multiple & diverse functions—deadline driven.
Habitual propensity to accelerate the rate of execution of many physical and mental functions
Type A—
What does the text tell us about Type A behavior pattern?
will usually become another type of personality
expresses positive emotions, optimistic, relaxed typically, has many interests
Type B—
cooperative & compliant w/authorities. Unexpressive & unassertive of their own negative emotions. At risk for cancer, depression & anxiety
Type C—
distressed personality type. Negative emotions & inhibit self-expression.
At 4-fold risk for CHD
“holds it all in”
Type D—
- Speed of cognitive processing slows
- Slower reaction times- safety concers
- Greater chance for distractibility
Middle & Late Adults as Patients or “Learners”
Middle & Late Adults as Patients or “Learners”
Why is this important to know as a PTA?
The “big five” personality traits were discussed in the text (p427)
- Neuroticiism
- extroversion
- openness to experience
- agreeableness
- conscientiousness
Neuroticism
put in
Extroversion
put in
openess to experience
put in
agreeableness
put in
Conscientiousness
put in
How does the big five personality traits change as we age?
all 5 seperately increase or decrease
Neuroticism-theses decrease as we age
Extroversion- stay the same or decrease
openness to experience- decrease or stay same
agreeableness- increase
conscientiousness - increases
Osteoblasts vs osteoclasts activity
osteoblasts - build
osteoclasts- destroy
fuel for our body can be
the food we eat
our positive attitudes
Dries out, becomes brittle & hard. Less flexible and more prone to injury. Thought to be due to less glycosaminoglycan & chondroitin.
Jello like
Cartilage
Decline in protein synthesis leads to decreases in muscle mass & strength known as ______________. This decline is very slow unless compounded by illness.
sarcopenia
Muscle force is impacted due to a decrease or increase in total numbers of muscle fibers (type & size)?
decrease
Muscles
there is a Reduction in type II fibers (fast twitch),
type I fibers remain __________
stable
Muscles
Reduction in number of muscle __________ units
motor
Reduction in cardiovascular system, leading to decreased _____________________ to the muscles
glycoproteins
(carbs and protein)
Muscles
Changes in NMS cause change in innervation, causing ____________.
less firing
The aging process is limited by a genetic ability to replicate cells which has its own preset limits called the ____________(approx. 50 replications for a human cell). Also the ability of some cells to differentiate or become specialized cells decreases with the aging process.
Hayflick limit
_________ is the breaking down of cells into particles that can be eliminated by phagocytosis. Meaning there is an increase in these waste products within the older persons body.
Apoptosis
Sensory changes
presbyopia is what
decrease focus (vision)
Sensory changes
presbycusis is what?
Hearing—decrease hearing
Sensory changes
Olfactory—cranial nerves I & V- decrese in what???
smell
Sensory changes
Touch, pain, temperature—hypothermia & heat stroke are a possibility due to aging of the ___________.
hypothalmus
Sensory changes
Cognition & memory—brain weight decreases after age ________. Decrease in number of brain cells and proteins form amyloid plaques within normal neuronal cells. CNS & ANS can be affected.
30
