Industrial Revolution L1 Flashcards
What was the Industrial Revolution?
This was a process of change from an economy based on agriculture to industry (factories) and machines.
Name 3 changes that happened in the Industrial Revolution:
• In 1750 it took pack horses 12 days to go from London to Scotland but by
1900 it took trains 9 hours
• In 1750 8/10 people lived in villages and half of the population worked in farming. By 1900 8/10 people lived in towns/cities and 1/10 people worked in farming
• In 1750 the population was 11 million but by 1900 that had increased to 42 million.
• Cloth was made in people’s homes in 1750 but this changed to big factories
Small workshops used water to power them in 1750 but by 1900 large factories were using steam power
Why did the industrial revolution happen in Britain?
As a result of a better understanding of science, medicine and healthcare, the population increased massively in the 1700s and 1800s. All these people needed clothes, shoes and other consumer goods. The factories that made these goods resulted in the factory owners making lots of money
How did Britain make lots of profit?
Cheap goods like cotton were imported to Britain from the colonies. Factories turned it into cloth and sold some of it back to the colonies for huge profits. Britain also made a fortune from the slave trade.
What job created more opportunities for people and why?
The growing population needed more food. In the early 1700s a number of inventions helped farmers produce more food. They needed less workers so people went to the towns in search of jobs so factories provided work for the growing population and made lots of goods for them to buy.
Name 4 machines created that did things faster than ever before:
Steam engines, steam trains, electric generators, telephone
Name 4 of Britain’s rich valuable materials that they produced:
Coal, iron, steel and cotton cotten
Britain produced 2/3 of the world’s coal, half of the world’s iron, 2/3 of the world’s steel and half of the world’s cotton cloth.
As a result of a better understanding of science, medicine and healthcare, what had happened?
The population had increased massively in the 1700s and 1800s.
Why did factory owners making lots of money?
The growing population needed clothes, shoes and other consumer goods. The factories that made these goods.
In the 1750 where was cloth made and how did that change?
Cloth was made in people’s homes in 1750 but this changed to big factories
When did small workshops used water to power them and when did this change to factories using steam power?
In the 1750 small workshops used water to power them however this changed in the 1900.
What was the population in the 1750 and what did it increase to in the 1900
In 1750 the population was 11 million but by 1900 that had increased to 42 million.
