Indo-History Exam Materials

Question 1

What are the purpose of Europeans expeditions?

Answer 1

• Gold : To find resources, for economy
• Glory : To compete, enlarge power
• Gospel : To spread the teaching of religion

Question 2

Who led Spain’s expedition to Nusantara and when did they arrived?

Answer 2

Magellan, continued by Del Cano, and arrived at Maluku in 1521

Question 3

Who led Portuguese’s expedition to Nusantara and when did they arrived?

Answer 3

Alfonso De Albuquerque, arrived at Malaka in 1511

Question 4

Who led England’s expedition to Nusantara and when did they arrived?

Answer 4

Francis Drake and Thomas Cavendish, arrived at Ternate in 1579

Question 5

Who led Dutch’s expedition to Nusantara and when did they arrived?

Answer 5

Cornelis De Houtman, arrived at Banten in 1595

Question 6

How many profit did the Dutch made when they returned?

Answer 6

400%

Question 7

Where in Indonesia did Dutch made the first Treaty of Friendship

Answer 7

Bali

Question 8

How many expeditions and ships did Dutch sent?

Answer 8

5 expeditions 22 ships

Question 9

List the example of the impact of colonization that still remain until now.

Answer 9

Langauge, education, religion, form of country

Question 10

Explain the connectivity between the fall of Constantinople into the Ottoman Empire and the arrival of Europeans in Indonesia.

Answer 10

Mediterranean sea that used to be the central of trade and one of the commodity is spice. The fall of Constantinople into the hand of Ottoman Empire caused the access of Europeans countries to get the spices with low price in the region of mediterranean sea to get cut off. This is why nations in Europeans starts to send expeditions to find their own source of spices and bring back profit.

Question 11

Why did Lisabon grew into a trading center of spice in Europe?

Answer 11

Because Portugal succeeded in finding through expeditions and exploit regions rich in spices such as Maluku, Brazil, Malaka. They monopolized the business and as a result, after the fall of constantinople, Europeans move to Lisabon to find spices.

Question 12

Why did Indonesia fell into the colonization of foreign nation.

Answer 12

Because back then the country wasnt united. The large area with thousands of islands causes it to have kingdoms and Sultans. This separations from each kingdom individuals made it easy for the foreign nation to deceive the Sultan and make them weak.

Question 13

What does VOC stands for

Answer 13

Vereegnide Oost-Indische Compagnie

Question 14

VOC was formed in

Answer 14

20 March 1602

Question 15

Explain why VOC was formed

Answer 15

There were conflicts and battles among individual companies. Each of them wants the most profit, and the most competence. This results in the loss of profit and harm to the Dutch Kingdom’s economy. So inspired by East India Company in 1600, VOC is formed by Prins Maurits and OldenBarnevelt.

Question 16

Who formed VOC?

Answer 16

Prins Maurits and OldenBarnevelt

Question 17

Who was executed in Den Haag?

Answer 17

Johan Van OldenBarnevelt

Question 18

Who was the last governor of VOC?

Answer 18

Van Overstraten

Question 19

Who were the leaders of VOC and where were they located?

Answer 19

Led by the “ Dewan 17 “ in Amsterdam.

Question 20

Who was the first Governor of VOC?

Answer 20

Pieter Both

Question 21

Who is J.P Coen?

Answer 21

A governor general of VOC that was known to be ruthless, brave and ambitious. He was also known to be the cause of VOC’s colonization in Indonesia. He captured the city of Jayakarta and made it into a new city with the name Batavia.

Question 22

Where is the largest office of VOC?

Answer 22

Batavia

Question 23

Give two policies of VOC that harmed the people of Indonesia.

Answer 23

• They force monopolization

- Verplichte Leverantie that forces people to hand over plantations to the government with the price they control.

Question 24

What is Pelayaran Hongi?

Answer 24

The supervision of VOC with complete weapons to track the monopoly.

Question 25

In what year did VOC get rid Portuguese from Ambon?

Answer 25

1605

Question 26

Give 3 examples of heros and their origin

Answer 26

Sultan Hasanuddin - Makassar
Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin - Sumsel
Diponegoro - Jawa

Question 27

What is Devide et Impera?

Answer 27

The politic/strategy to split nations for the benefit of one party

Question 28

How did VOC collapsed?

Answer 28

VOC had a hard time controlling the increase of population in the capital city, Batavia. The institutions of the parliaments failed to manage the stability of the company and the growth of economy. Many of the officers were blinded by the many profit, leading them to work on their own. VOC fell into a large debt also from the factor of inner corruptions.

Question 29

Why was VOC said to be a country in a country?

Answer 29

Because VOC had big rights and authority that allows them to monopolize products, make their own army and declare war, make promises with kingdoms, make their own money, and rule in a colonized country.

Question 30

Why was Republic Bataaf formed?

Answer 30

The revolution of France in 1795 caused them wanting a united nation. France then attacked Dutch and Dutch lost. King Willem V ran away to England, while France formed a new government called republic bataaf as a apart of France in Dutch. Led by Louis Napoleon.

Question 31

What are Surat Surat Kew

Answer 31

King Willem V ordered that the rulers of the Dutch colony hand over their territory to England, not France

Question 32

Who was Herman Willem Deandels and what was his main job.

Answer 32

He was Dutch but was greatly influenced by the revolution of France. So Republic Bataaf ordered him to rule in Nusantara and maintain Java against England.

Question 33

Who was Jan Willem Janssen

Answer 33

He replaced Daendels causing Java to be ruled over by England.

Question 34

When did the take over of England started in Hindia?

Answer 34

18 september 1811

Question 35

What are the three principles of Raffles?

Answer 35

• Forced labor removed
• the role of the “bupati” in collecting taxes is removed
• Land owned by the government and the people are borrowing

Question 36

How does Raffles also applies Devide et Impera

Answer 36

Raffles does not show sympathy to the people that have helped him before. He helped the enemy of the people that once helped him, in the goal of overpowering kingdoms.

Question 37

Who was Van Den Bosch?

Answer 37

He introduced Cultuurstelsel (tanam paksa) as a hope to heal the economy of Dutch.

Question 38

What are the two groups that matters in the application of Tanam Paksa?

Answer 38

• Kaum Konservatif : Mendukung

- Kaum Liberal : Menentang

Question 39

Who was Edward Douwes Dekker

Answer 39

He published two books that contains hard critics against Cultuurstelsel and how it is not appropriate for Indonesians.

Question 40

What are the principles of Tanam Paksa

Answer 40

• Time and work cannot exceed the limit
• The products of plantations have to directly be handed over to the government
• Fail of plantation is not the responsibility of the government

Question 41

Why was Cultuurstelsel formed?

Answer 41

To heal Dutch’s economy of the wars that proceeded.

Question 42

Why were there pros and cons in the application of Tanam Paksa?

Answer 42

Because the people were forced to do plantations in a time limit and with little or no payment. This causes a great suffering to the people.