Imperial Wars & Colonial Protest, 1754-1774 Flashcards
War between France and England for North America, which began over the Ohio Vally between the years 1754-1763.
French and Indian War
After the British victory over the French during the French and Indian War (1754-1763), Britain began to reassert control over the colonies by doing what?
Taxing the colonies
In 1754, Benjamin Franklin called for the unity of 12 colonies to discuss better relations with Indians and to provide for a common defense against the French. Failed, but formed the basis for the creation of the American government.
Albany Plan for Union (Albany Congress)
In 1763, Britain had a massive debt because of the war against France. This Prime Minister of Britain decided that the American colonies should pay a greater share for colonial protection.
George Grenville
In 1763, this treaty officially ended the French and Indian War. England received all of the French territory in North America.
Treaty of Paris of 1763
Before 1763, the colonies were left alone and allowed for self-government, but the English were now going to tighten their grip over the colonies. What finally came to an end?
Salutary Neglect
Colonists did not enforce any acts passed by the whom and believed that they did not have authority over them.
English Parliament
In 1763, dissatisfied with Britain’s postwar policies, which Indian chief organized attacks in the Great Lakes region to drive the British out. Attacked settlements, but was defeated.
Pontiac’s Rebellion
In 1763, this backcountry vigilante group of frontiersmen from Pennsylvania murdered 20 peaceful Indians as they began to settle on their land.
Paxton Boys
In 1763, Britain forbade colonists to cross a boundary across the Appalachian Mountains for the purpose of avoiding conflict between Indians and the colonists looking for land. This restricted settlements in the west.
Proclamation of 1763
Between the years of 1764-1765, the Grenville Acts were passed, which contained these three acts passed by the English Parliament.
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
Currency Act
In 1764, this act raised revenue by taxing sugar and forbade importing rum, because England was in debt. This was an indirect tax, yet massive objection (protests) occurred.
Sugar Act (1764)
In 1764, this act forbade Massachusetts from printing money. Protected British merchants from being paid in devalued colonial paper money, which drained specie (hard money, coins) from the colonies and made money scare.
Currency Act (1764)
In 1765, this act raised revenue to support British troops stationed in America. Colonials had to purchase a stamp for legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and advertisements. First direct tax in the colonies.
Stamp Act (1765)
This group formed to protest the taxes passed by Parliament and organized non-importation of British goods (Boycotts).
Sons of Liberty
Who said, “Give me Liberty, or give me Death!” He led the opposition to the Stamp Act and asserted, “No taxation without representation.”
Patrick Henry
This individual led the Sons of Liberty. They intimidated/tarred and feathered tax collectors, destroyed revenue stamps, and led boycotts of British goods.
Samuel Adams
In 1765, delegates from 9 colonies drew up a statement protesting the unfairness of the Grenville Acts and sent it to King George III. One of the first united actions of the colonies.
Stamp Act Congress (1765)
In 1765, citizens of North Carolina took up arms to protest high taxes and corrupt courts. This movement set an example for the American Revolution.
Regulator Movement
In 1765, this act forced the colonies to provide housing and food for British troops stationed in the colonies.
Quartering Act (1765)
In 1766, this act stated that Parliament had the right to tax and pass legislation without colonial representation.
Declaratory Act (1766)
In 1767, these acts placed a tax on lead, paint, paper, glass, and tea. The revenue would be used to pay for salaries for royal governors and judges. Also, British officials could search any home for smuggled goods.
Townshend Acts (1767)
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The response the Townshend Acts by the colonials was to boycott British goods. In addition, this individual sent out a Circular Letter that called on other colonies to join Massachusetts to resist the Townshend Acts.</p>
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| Samuel Adams</p>
In 1770, British troops shot 11 and killed 5 people after they were surrounded and taunted by colonials. Crispus Attucks was the leader of the mob and killed. This event would be immortalized in a drawing by Paul Revere.
Boston Massacre
In 1772, Samuel Adams organized these committees. Colonial radicals formed meetings in each town and colony to share information of any English activities.
Committees of Correspondence
In 1772, a British ship that enforced trade regulations, collected taxes, and captured smugglers was attacked, looted, and burned by colonials.
Gaspee Incident
In 1773, this act reduced the price on tea, which gave England a monopoly on selling tea in the colonies. Parliament confirmed their power to tax.
Tea Act (1773)
In 1773, the Sons of Liberty, disguised as Indians, boarded British ships and dumped crates of tea into Boston Harbor to protest.
Boston Tea Party (1773)
In 1774, these acts were Parliament’s angry response to the Boston Tea Party. They were meant to punish Boston.
Intolerable Act or Coercive Acts (1774)
What were the four acts that consisted of the Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) of 1774?
Boston Port Act
Massachusetts Government Act
Quartering Act
Quebec Act
This Intolerable Act stated that the colonies must provide housing for British soldiers.
Quartering Act (1774)
This Intolerable Act closed Boston Harbor until the destroyed tea was repaid.
Boston Port Act (1774)
This Intolerable Act allowed the royal governor or king to appoint all positions in government. There would also be no town meetings and no trial by jury.
Massachusetts Government Act (1774)
This Intolerable Act organized Canadian lands and recognized French Catholicism; angered the colonists.
Quebec Act (1774)
In 1774, this meeting of 56 delegates from 12 colonies asked King George III to repeal the Intolerable Acts. They did not want to split from England. A second meeting was also set up.
First Continental Congress (1774)
