Age of Jefferson, 1801-1816

Question 1

Thomas Jefferson defeats John Adams in the election of 1800 and government peacefully changes from the Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans and marked the end of the Federalist Era. What nickname did this election earn?

Answer 1

Peaceful Revolution of 1800

Question 2

Jeffersonian Democracy differed from the Federalist Era in that Thomas Jefferson supported what two aspects of American society?

Answer 2

Farmers and State’s Rights

Question 3

Name some of Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican policies.

Answer 3

Limit the federal government
Support state's rights
Repeal excise taxes (whiskey tax)
Lower the national debt
Reduce the size of the military

Question 4

As Jefferson became president he fired Federalists from government positions and hired Democratic-Republicans to replace them. What was this system called?

Answer 4

Spoils System

Question 5

In 1801, every justice in the court system was a Federalist since they were appointed by Washington and Adams. Jefferson tried to stop Adams’s “midnight judges” appointments, which led to this significant court case.

Answer 5

Marbury v. Madison

Question 6

In 1803, the outcome of Marbury v. Madison led to this new Supreme Court power under Chief Justice John Marshall?

Answer 6

Judicial Review

Question 7

Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court to strike down an act of Congress by declaring the act what?

Answer 7

Unconstitutional

Question 8

Chief Justice John Marshall (Marshall Court) believed in a strong central government, promoted business interests, and opposed what?

Answer 8

State’s Rights

Question 9

Which war broke out in Europe during 1803-1815 that challenged U.S. neutrality and trade? Britain also began seizing American ships and impressing American sailors.

Answer 9

Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)

Question 10

In 1803, Toissant L’Ouverture led the slaves of Santo Domingo in a rebellion against French troops. What was the name of the rebellion and what was this Caribbean island later called?

Answer 10

Haitian rebellion (Haiti)

Question 11

In 1803, what decision went against Jefferson’s strict interpretation of the Constitution, but doubled the size of the United States?

Answer 11

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Question 12

Federalists from Essex County, Mass. were against the Louisiana Purchase and planned a Northern Confederacy. What was the name of this conspiracy, which was the first attempt to secede from the Union?

Answer 12

Essex Junto Conspiracy

Question 13

This is the imaginary boundary between the Northeastern United States and the Southern United States. Slavery was illegal above this line.

Answer 13

Mason-Dixon Line

Question 14

Between the years of 1804-1806, this expedition set out to investigate the resources that the U.S. had acquired with the Louisiana Purchase.

Answer 14

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Question 15

In 1805, these pirates of the North African coast seized American merchant ships. Jefferson sent the U.S. navy and gained respect for dealing with the problem.

Answer 15

Barbary Pirates

Question 16

Which former Vice President under Jefferson began a conspiracy to separate the western states from the Union to form a new republic.

Answer 16

Aaron Burr Conspiracy

Question 17

This incident in 1807 caused an uproar among Americans when a British ship fired upon an American ship and impressed 4 American sailors.

Answer 17

Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

Question 18

This unpopular act by Jefferson was an attempt to retaliate against the British for the impressment of U.S. sailors by prohibiting trade with foreign nations.

Answer 18

Embargo Act (1807)

Question 19

In 1808, Congress voted to ban the importation of what into the United States?

Answer 19

Slaves

Question 20

Who became the fourth president of the United States?

Answer 20

Pres. James Madison (1809-1817)

Question 21

This act in 1809 resumed trade with all foreign nations, but France and Britain. Trade resumed with England and France when they removed their restrictions on the U.S.

Answer 21

Non-intercourse Act (1809)

Question 22

This act in 1810 lifted all restrictions on trade and promised France and England that if either nation would lift their restrictions; the U.S. would trade only with that nation.

Answer 22

Macon’s Bill No. 2

Question 23

These two Shawnee brothers led an attempt to form a confederacy of all tribes east of the MIssissippi River to fight against settlers moving onto Indian lands.

Answer 23

Tecumseh (The Warrior) and Tenskwatawa (The Prophet)

Question 24

William Henry Harrison defeated Tecumseh at this battle, which earned him the nickname of “Old Tippecanoe.”

Answer 24

Battle of Tippecanoe

Question 25

What was the term given to the British act of searching American ships for deserters and took those who could not prove they were American?

Answer 25

Impressment

Question 26

The impressment of American sailors encouraged war hawks Henry Clay (Kentucky) and John C. Calhoun (S.Carolina) to lead a group of Republicans to start a war with which country?

Answer 26

England

Question 27

Federalists and Northern states opposed a war against Britain in 1812, because it would hurt trade. What was the name given to these “Old” Republicans who believed war violated the idea of limited government.

Answer 27

Quids

Question 28

What was the name given to the war between the United States and Great Britain over British impressment, interference with free seas, and aid to Native Americans on the American frontier?

Answer 28

War of 1812

Question 29

What were some consequences of the War of 1812?

Answer 29

Demise of the Federalist Party
Intensified nationalist feelings
Industrialization/Self-sufficiency
Andrew Jackson became a war hero
Began the Era of Good Feelings

Question 30

This treaty in 1814 ended the War of 1812, but said nothing of impressment or trading rights, but did restore diplomatic relations with England.

Answer 30

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

Question 31

This battle made Andrew Jackson an American hero because he defeated the English, even though the War of 1812 was over.

Answer 31

Battle of New Orleans

Question 32

In 1815, Federalists were against the War of 1812 and secretly met here to discuss secession and nullification. This set the precedent for Southern secession.

Answer 32

Hartford Convention (1815)

Question 33

What did Federalists discuss at the Hartford Convention?

Answer 33

Limit the power of Congress to make war
Remove the 3/5 compromise
Remove trade restricting laws
Secession and nullification

Question 34

What era began after the end of the War of 1812 and how long did this era last?

Answer 34

Era of Good Feelings (1815-1824)

Question 35

Who was the 5th president of the United States and the president during the Era of Good Feelings?

Answer 35

Pres. James Monroe (1815-1825)