Critical Period, 1783-1789

Question 1

In 1783, this treaty ended the American Revolution and the British recognized American independence.

Answer 1

Treaty of Paris 1783

Question 2

The Treaty of Paris of 1783 created which borders for the newly recognized United States.

Answer 2

West - Mississippi
North - Great Lakes
South - Spanish Florida

Question 3

In 1786, this rebellion sparked frustrations in Massachusetts backcountry farmers who were losing their farms. This convinced American leaders that the Articles was too weak and needed a stronger government.

Answer 3

Shay’s Rebellion

Question 4

This backcountry farmer led a rebellion in the United States because he wanted to end farm foreclosures, end imprisonment for debt, reduce high taxes, and increase paper money.

Answer 4

Daniel Shays

Question 5

In a meeting in 1786, Alexander Hamilton asked the states to send delegates to meet one year later in Philadelphia to change the Articles of Confederation.

Answer 5

Annapolis Convention

Question 6

In 1787, this was the name given to the meeting in Philadelphia for the purpose of creating a constitution that could raise an army, collect taxes, and regulate commerce.

Answer 6

Constitutional Convention

Question 7

Who is considered the “Father of the Constitution?”

Answer 7

James Madison

Question 8

This is known as the division of powers between the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of the our government.

Answer 8

Separation of Powers

Question 9

This is a system in which each branch of government can check the power of the other branches.

Answer 9

Checks and Balances

Question 10

This government position must enforce laws, can veto acts of Congress, serves a 4 year term, and originally had no term limit.

Answer 10

President

Question 11

This body of government makes laws.

Answer 11

Congress

Question 12

Did the U.S. Constitution allow slavery?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

This was the system in which the president would be chosen by electors, not voters. Its purpose was to safeguard against direct popular vote. Founders feared mob rule.

Answer 13

Electoral College

Question 14

The U.S. Constitution contains rules to remove the president, which is referred to as what?

Answer 14

Impeachment

Question 15

This is the division of power between the federal and state governments.

Answer 15

Federalism

Question 16

This compromise created a bicameral legislature (two houses). The New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan would both be used to form the legislative branch.

Answer 16

Great Compromise

Question 17

Which house is based on equal representation and are elected by state legislatures?

Answer 17

Senate

Question 18

Which house is based on population and are voted on by citizens?

Answer 18

House of Representatives

Question 19

This compromise allowed for slaves to be counted for the purpose of representation and taxation.

Answer 19

3/5 Compromise

Question 20

This compromise allowed for Congress to place tariffs (taxes) on imports, but not on exports.

Answer 20

Commercial Compromise

Question 21

This clause in the U.S. Constitution is an ambiguous and vague power for the federal government. It states, “Congress can do what’s proper and necessary.”

Answer 21

Elastic Clause (Implied Powers)

Question 22

Which branch of government has the power to tax, regulate commerce, declare war, raise an army? This branch is also made up of a bicameral legislature: Senate and House of Representatives.

Answer 22

Legislative Branch

Question 23

Which branch contains the Commander in Chief, carries out laws, makes treaties with consent, and appoints judges?

Answer 23

Executive Branch

Question 24

Which branch contains the Supreme Court?

Answer 24

Judicial Branch

Question 25

The U.S. Constitution can be amended. What does amend mean?

Answer 25

Change

Question 26

Between 1787-1788, the debates between these two groups over the ratification of the U.S. Constitution would give rise to the two-party system?

Answer 26

Federalists vs. Antifederalists

Question 27

This group supported the Constitution and a strong central government.

Answer 27

Federalists

Question 28

This group feared a strong central government.

Answer 28

Antifederalists

Question 29

Name a few of the concerns of the Antifederalists concerning the Constitution.

Answer 29

Government would become tyrannical, President would be too powerful, Congress will levy heavy taxes, A standing army, Overpower individual states, Violate individual rights

Question 30

Between 1787-1788, these essays were written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to persuade states to support the ratification of the Constitution.

Answer 30

Federalist Papers

Question 31

The Antifederalists finally agreed to support the ratification of the U.S. Constitution after the Federalists promised to add what?

Answer 31

Bill of Rights

Question 32

These first ten amendments protected basic American freedoms.

Answer 32

Bill of Rights

Question 33

Which amendment protects freedom of religion, speech, press, rights of assembly and petition?

Answer 33

1st Amendment

Question 34

Which amendment prohibits the quartering of troops?

Answer 34

3rd Amendment

Question 35

Which amendment protects the right to bear arms?

Answer 35

2nd Amendment

Question 36

Which amendment states that citizens can not be deprived of life, liberty, property?

Answer 36

5th Amendment

Question 37

Which amendment protects against illegal search and seizure?

Answer 37

4th Amendment

Question 38

Which amendment prohibits excessive fines and cruel and unusual punishment?

Answer 38

8th Amendment

Question 39

Which amendment provides for the right to a speedy and fair trial?

Answer 39

6th Amendment

Question 40

Which amendment guarantees trial by jury?

Answer 40

7th Amendment

Question 41

Which amendment states that rights are not limited to what is written?

Answer 41

9th Amendment

Question 42

Which amendment states the powers not delegated to the U.S. are reserved to the states? (States Rights)

Answer 42

10th Amendment

Question 43

This term refers to the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people.

Answer 43

Republican Government/Republicanism

Question 44

In what year was the U.S. Constitution ratified?

Answer 44

1789

Question 45

In what year was the Bill of Rights ratified?

Answer 45

1791