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pediatrics > immunoped > Flashcards

immunoped Flashcards

1
Q

organ that develops and maintains peripheral lymphoid tissues

A

thymus

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2
Q

2 major functions of thymus

A

maturation of precursor T-lymphocytes; induction of immunocompetence

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3
Q

when are T cells first detected in the thymus

A

7th-8th week AOG

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4
Q

site of immune response generation

A

lymph nodes

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5
Q

organ vital for immune responses to blood-borne antigens and acts as waste disposal system

A

spleen

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6
Q

where is MALT found

A

Peyer’s patches in the SI; lymphoid follicles in the appendix; tonsils in the pharynx; submucosal lymphoid tissue throughout the upper airways and bronchi

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7
Q

T-cell that kill microorganism by direct action on their surfaces

A

CD8+ or suppressor/cytotoxic cells

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8
Q

nonphagocytic cells that perform antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity

A

NK cells

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9
Q

protein that creates pores on cell membranes of target cells resulting in lysis

A

cytolysin

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10
Q

first line of defense against neonatal herpes virus infection

A

NK cells

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11
Q

time it takes for a PMN to mature from a myeloblast

A

14 days

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12
Q

term for migration toward site of microbial invasion

A

chemotaxis

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13
Q

contains granules with major basic protein that are toxic for helminths

A

eosinophils

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14
Q

effectors of immediate hypersensitivity that carry Fc receptors for IgE

A

mast cells and basophils

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15
Q

humoral elements

A

Ig; complement; cytokines; ab produced by B cells and plasma cells

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16
Q

largest Ig; earliest antibody in response to an Ag

A

IgM

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17
Q

most abundant Ig; can traverse the placental barrier

A

IgG

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18
Q

Ig synthesized in the submucosa of the respiratory GIT and exretory glands

A

IgA

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19
Q

Ig predominantly found on the human B lymphocytes like IgM; responsible for differentiation of B cell

A

IgD

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20
Q

Ig less than 10% of the serum; role in parasitic infxn and allergic rxn

A

IgE

21
Q

main fxn is to mediate inflammatory processes and facilitate ingestion of opsonizing pathogens for phagocytosis

A

complement

22
Q

complements common to both to classical and alternative pathways

A

C5-C9

23
Q

main anaphylatoxins that provoke inflammation

A

C3a and C5A

24
Q

complement that has a role in opsonization

A

C3b and C5b

25
Q

acts as binding sites and signal transducers for interacting cells; aka phenotypic markers/MHC

A

Human Leukocyte antigens

26
Q

cell surface proteins that identifiy a particular cell lineage; transduce signals that lead to ymphocyte activation; recognized by monoclonal antibodies; promote cell to cell interaction and adhesion

A

cluster differentiation(CD) antigen

27
Q

due to release of mediators like histamine leukotriene serotonin after activation by allegens of specific cells(mast and basophils)

A

Type I (immediate hypersensitivity)

28
Q

Type I rxns

A

asthma; allergic rhinitis; anaphylaxis

29
Q

Ab bind to Ag and the immune complex formed activates complement leading to formation of MAC eventually leading to cell lysis

A

Type II (cytotoxic rxn)

30
Q

Type II rxns

A

hemolytic dse; eryhtroblastosis fetalis; graft rejection; chronic keratitis; Goodpastures; blood transfusion rxn; ITP

31
Q

Type III (immune-complex mediated) rxns

A

PSGN; serum sickness; RA; SLE; SJS; PAN

32
Q

Ag deposited at local site initiate rxn from sensitized T-cells capable of destroying tissues or target cells

A

Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity)

33
Q

Type IV rxns

A

PPD test; contact allergic dermatitis; syphilis; leprosy

34
Q

dse characterized by a block in the dev’t of pre-B cell to B cell due to a defect in the heavy chain gene rearrangement; low or absent Ig’s; few or abseB cells

A

X-linked/Bruton’s dse agammaglobulinemia

35
Q

increased susceptibility to viral; fungal; and protozal infxn; aberrant thymus; low lymphocyte count; abnormal facies; hypothyroidism; congenital heart dse

A

DiGeorge Syndrome (CATCH-22)

36
Q

selective defect in cell mediated immunity with susceptibility to chronic candida infection of the skin and mucous membranes; 50% are due to deficiency of adenosine deaminase

A

Severe Combine Immunodeficiency Disorder

37
Q

when to suspect immunodeficiency

A

1 or more systemic bacterial infxn(sepsis; meningitis); 2 or more resp or documented bac infxn w/in 1 year; serious infxns occurring at unusual sites(liver; brain abscess); infxns with unusual pathogens; infxns with common childhood pathogens but of unusual severity

38
Q

defect in X linked hyper-IgM syndrome

A

deficiency of CD40L on activated T cell

39
Q

defect in transient agammaglobulinemia

A

delayed onset of maturation of normal IgG

40
Q

defective response in bacterial polysaccharide and depressed IgM; gradual loss of humoral and immune response; thrombocytopenia and eczema

A

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

41
Q

deficiency in NADPH oxidase; recurrent infxn with CATALASE POSITIVE bacteria

A

chronic granulomatous disease

42
Q

absence of CD18(common B chain of leukocyte integrin); Leukocytosis; failure to form pus; delay in umbilical cord sloughing

A

Leukocyte adhesion defect

43
Q

granule structural defect; recurrent bacterial infxn; partial albinism

A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

44
Q

deficiency in TNF-gamma; coarse facies; cold abscess; inc IgE

A

Job’s Syndrome

45
Q

screening tests for humoral diseases

A

serum IgA; antibody titers to vaccines

46
Q

screening test for cell mediated diseases

A

candida skin test

47
Q

screening test for macrophage diseases

A

nitroblue tetrazolium test; respiratory burst array

48
Q

screening test for complement disease

A

CH50

49
Q

allergic rhinitis that follows sensitization to wind-borne pollens of trees grasses &weeds; prevalence increases with age

A

seasonal AR

pediatrics (16 decks)

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