Immunology Flashcards
What is the function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?
- structural and function cells of the epidermis
- sense pathogens
- produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
- produce cytokines
What are langerhan cells?
- type of dendritic cells
- intersperse with keratinocytes
- antigen presenting
What T cell is mainly found in the epidermis?
- CD8+T cells
What T cell is associated with psoriasis?
- TH1
What T cell is associated with atopic dermatitis?
- TH2
What T cell is associated with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis?
- TH17
What is a class 1 MHC molecule?
- found on almost all cells
- Cytotoxic presentation (CD8)
What is a class 2 MHC molecule
- found on antigen presenting cells
- CD4
What are the immunological features of atopic eczema?
- defective skin barrier
- allows access to allergen
- promotes colonisation
What is the immune features of the epidermis?
- Keratinocytes
- Langerhan cells
- T cells
What is the immune features of the dermis?
- Dendritic cells
- Macrophages
- Mast cells
- Neutrophils
What are the two types of dendritic cells found in the dermis?
- Dermal DC
- Plasmacytoid DC
What T cells are found in the dermis?
- CD4+ T cells
- CD8+ T cells
What cell produces AMPs (antimicrobrial peptides)
- keratinocytes
- epidermis
Type I hypersensitivity reaction is Ig_ mediated?
- IgE
Type II and III hypersensitivity reaction is Ig_ and Ig_ mediated
- IgG
- IgM
Autoimmunity is?
- Reaction to the host
- Can result in chronic inflammation
Immunodeficiency is?
- Infection not controlled
Hypersensitivity is?
- Overeaction to antigen
- immune response that causes collateral damage to self
The keratin layer is formed of what?
- Terminal differentiation of keratinocytes to corneocytes
Type I hypersensitivity reaction is what mediated?
- IgE
Type II hypersensitivity reaction is what mediated?
- IgG
- IgM
Type III hypersensitivity reaction is what mediated?
- Complex mediated
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction is what mediated?
- Cell
- T-cell
What is the definition of allergy?
- Hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system
What is the presentation of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
- Urticaria
- angioedema
- wheeze
- anaphylaxis
What investigations can be performed for a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
- Skin prick
- history most important
- challange testing
Management of allergy?
- Allergen avoidance
- anti-histamines
- Corticosteriods
- adrenaline (anaplylaxis)
What is the adrenaline dosage for children in anaphylaxis?
- 150ug
What is the adrenaline dosage for adults in anaphylaxis?
- 300ug
What is different between a contact irrant dermatitis and a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
- Contact dermatitis doesnt require previous exposure to irritant
Contact dermatitis is what type of hypersensitivity?
- Type IV
