Anatomy

Question 1

Explain the superficial fascia

Answer 1

• aka subcutaneous fat

- loose connective tissue and fat

Question 2

Explain the deep fascia

Answer 2

• much tougher than the superficial fascia

- white in colour

Question 3

Describe the arterial supply of the upper limb from superior to inferior (proximal to distal)

Answer 3

• subclavian artery
• axillary artery
• brachial artery
• radia and ulna artery
• metacarpal and digital arteries

Question 4

Explain the arterial supply of the lower limbs, proximal to distal

Answer 4

• external iliac
• femoral artery
• popliteal artery
• anterior and posterior tibial artery
• dorsalis pedia

Question 5

Where does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 5

• the axillary vein

Question 6

Where does the great saphenous vein arise from?

Answer 6

• dorsal venous arch

- immediately anterior to the medial malleolus

Question 7

What causes varicose veins?

Answer 7

• incompetent valve
• superficial veins become weak and dilated
• pooling of blood

Question 8

Arterial causes of ulceration?

Answer 8

• left ventricular failure
• rupture
• aneurysm
• arterial spasm

Question 9

Explain the effect of venous ulceration

Answer 9

• damages blood vessels in the skin
• skin becomes dry, itchy and inflamed
• cannot heal
• begins to break down

Question 10

What is the role of the musculo-venous pump

Answer 10

• aids venous drainage

- muscles in calf and thighs exert pressure on the deep veins forcing the venous blood up towards the heart