immunology Flashcards
megakaryocytes become
platelets
reticulocytes become
RBC
myeloblasts become
neutrophils
monocytes -> macrophages
eosinophils
basophils
myeloid stem cells become
megakaryocytes
reticulocytes
myeloblasts
mast cells
pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells become
myeloid stem cells
lymphoid stem cells
dendritic cells
lymphoid cells become
b cells
t cells
natural killer cells
b cells become
plasma cells
memory b cells
t cells become… which then become…
CD4 cells -> T helper cells (activate CD8 cells to become cytotoxic T cells)
CD8 cells
briefly describe innate immune system
cells already at location of infections
respond immediately
generalised response
briefly describe specific immune system
takes longer than innate esp if first infection
specialised
away from location of infection
what do both mast cells and basophils contain
cytoplasmic granules containing cytokines released in response to pathogen
function of macrophage
first line of defence
have toll-like receptors used to recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
define PAMPs
pathogen associated molecular patterns that are recognised by toll like receptors on macrophages
function of neutrophil
general attack cell in innate immune system
circulate in blood and migrate to areas of inflam in response to macrophage signals
Fastest responding WBC
Antigen presenting
Release lysosomes, defensins and strong oxidants that directly destroy bacteria
function of eosinophil
parasitic infection
stay in tissues until activated
granules contain pro-inflam cytokines & toxic chems eg. ‘major basic protein’ - released in degranulation/exocytosis process