Immuno 7 WOW Flashcards
MOA of cyclosporine?
Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks the dfiferentiation and activation of T cells by inhibiting calcineurin (usually activates transcription of IL-2) -> prevents formation of IL-2.
Toxicity of cyclosporine?
Neprhotoxicity and HTN
MOA of Tacrolimus?
Binds to FK-binding protein -> inibits calcineurin and prevents secretion of IL-2
Toxicity of Tacrolimus?
Nephrotoxicity, HTN, Neurotoxicity
MOA of Sirolimus (rapamycin)?
Binds FKBP-12 -> inhibits mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) -> inhibition of T-cell prolif.
MOA of Azthioprine?
Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine that interferes w/ the metab and synth of nucleic acids. Toxic to lymphocytes
Toxicity of Azathioprine?
Bone marrow suppression bc can’t make rapidly divding cells.
How is Azathioprine metabolized? What does that mean?
Metabolized by xanthine oxidase thus, toxic effects may be increased by allopurinol
MOA of Muromonab?
Monoclonal antibody that binds to CD3 on surface of T cells -> blocks cellular interaction w/ CD3 protein responsible for T-cell signal transduction
Toxicity of Muromonab?
Hypersensitivity rxn
MOA of Dicluzumab?
High affinity for IL-2 Receptors (CD25) on T-cells
MOA of Micofinolate?
Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase -> no guanine can be made so no rapidly dividing cells can be made.
Uses of Micofinolate?
Transplant and Lupus nephritis
What are the Immunosuppressants used for transplants?
Cyclosporines, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, Azathioprine, Murmonab, Dicluzumab, Micofinolate.
Muromonab target and use?
CD3. Prevent acute transplant rejection
Digoxin immune Fab target and use?
Digoxin. Antidote for digoxin intoxication
Infliximab, Adalimumab, Etanercept target and use?
TNF-a. Crohn’s, RA, seronegative arthritis (PAIR disease)
Abciximab target and use?
Glycoprotein Iib/IIIa on platelets. Prevent cardiac ischemia, unstable angina, after stent.
Trastuzumab target and use?
HER2. HER2-overexpressing breast cancer
Rituximab target and use?
CD20. B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Omalizumab target and use?
IgE. Sevre asthma
Transplant rejection types?
- Hyperacute. 2. Acute. 3. Chronic. 4. Graft vs. Host. All on FA 208
Aldesleukin: cytokine and use?
IL-2. Renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma.
Epoetin alfa: cytokine and use?
EPO. Anemias esp in renal failure
Filgrastim and Sargramostim: cytokine and use?
IL-3 and granulocyte-CSF. Recovery of BM
a-IFN use
Hepatitis B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, leukemias, malignant melanoma
B-IFN use
multiple sclerosis
gamma-IFN use
chornic granulomatous disease. Optimize MO and phagocytes
Oprelvekin: cytokine and use?
IL-11. Thrombocytopenia
Thrombopoietin use?
Thrombocytopenia
Cytokines secretd by MO?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-12, TNF-a
Cytokines secreted by all T-cells?
Il-2 and IL-3
Cytokines secreted from Th1 cells?
IFN-gamma
Cytokines secretd by Th2 cells?
IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
Cytokine that promotes B cell growth and differentiation?
IL-4 and IL-5
Function of IL-5?
Promotes differentiation of B cells. Stimulates growth of eosinophils. Enhances class-switching to IgA. “snot producer”
Fever inducing cytokines?
IL-1, IL-6, TNF-a
Function of IL-10?
Inhibits actions of T cells, Th1 cells, and MO
Function of IL-4?
Induces differentiation into Th2 cells, promotes growth of B-cells, enhances class switching to IgE and IgG
Fucnction of IFN-gamma?
Activates MO and Th1 cells. Suppresses Th2 cells.
Function of IL-2?
Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells
Function of IL-3?
Spports growth and differentiation of BM stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF
Function of IL-8?
Cemotactic factor for neutrohils
Chemotactic factors for neutrophils?
IL-8, C5a, LTB4
Functnio of IL-12?
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells. Activates NK cells. Secreted by B cells too
Function of TNF-a
Mediates SEPTIC SHOCK and causes leukocyte recruitment
