Immuno Flashcards
axillary nodes drain
all skin above diaphragm, breast, arm
superficial inguinal drains
all skin below umbilicus including lower anal canal and scrotum; except popliteal territory (post. calf + DL foot)
S’s in skine skies
s. pneumo
salmonella
GBS
PAMPs
bound by TLC in innate immunity i.e. by NK cells
ex: LPS, flagellin, ssRNA
TAP proteins
MHC-I
bring Ag from protasome to ER to get bound
Invariant chain
MHC-II
Blocks binding site in vesicle until fusion with PL
CD16
on NK cells, binds to Fc of bound IgG inducing ADCC
activate NK with:
IL-2, IL-12, IFN-a, IFN-b
activation of TH17
IL-6, TGF-b, STAT-3
activation of T-cells co-stim:
APC B7——CD28 T-cell (h or c)
activation of B-cells co-stim:
Th CD40L——–CD40R B-cell
cytokines inducting:
- IgG
- IgA
- IgE
- IgG = IL-4
- IgA = IL-5, TGF-b
- IgE = IL-4 + IL-13
inducer of APRs
IL-6
CRP functions:
opsonin
fixes complement
facilitates phagocytosis
Down regulated APRs:
albumin
transferrin (taken up by macro to hide Fe)
Inhibitors of complement
DAF (DC55) and CI-esterase inhibitor
anaphylaxis signals
via complement activation: C3a C4a C5a
Macrophage markers
CD14 - (aka TLR4) binds lipid A of LPS
CD40 - binds CD40L of Th
B7 - binds Th/Tc to activate them
Fc-R and C3b-R - phagocytosis
NK markers
CD16 - ADCC by binding Fc of IgG
CD 56 - marker
superantigens mechanism
crosslink TCR and MHC-II
thus can activate ANY t-cell
HST resulting in systemic symptoms and vasculidities
Type III
transfusion reactions:
to plasma proteins = allergic or anaphylactic (IGA defic.)
to HLA Ag and WBCs = febrile non-hemolytic
to RBCs = acute hemolytic
anti-centromere
CREST
polymyositis/dermatomyositis Abs
Anti-Jo
Anti-SRP
anti-Mi-2
PBC ab
anti-mitochrondrial
scleroderma abs
Anti-Scl-70
anti DNA topo-I
anti-sm
autoimmune hepatitis
anti-CCP
RA
ASCA
Chrons
No B-cell + no IGs vs. no plasma cells + no Igs
No B = BTK deficiency (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)
No plasma = combined variable immunodeficiency
IL-12-R deficiency
systemic fungal and mycobacteria infections because macrophages releasing IL-12 does nothing
AR
Job syndrome
hyper IgE - AD
STAT-3 mutation, no TH17, so PMN chemotaxis or IgE down regulation
Facies, cold abscesses, eczema, retained teeth
low TRECs
SCID
also no thyme shadow, germinal centrism or T-cells
do NOT give live vaccines!
Get every type of infection
immune defic. with high AFP
Ataxia telangectasia
low IgA, IgG, IgE
immune defic. with thombocytopenia
W.A
triad = thrombocytopenia, eczema, recurrent infections
also autoimmune diseases and malignancies
via actin cytoskeleton problem
*low IgG and IgM
*high IgA and IgE
high IgE
Job
W.A (also high IgA)
delayed umbilical cord separation
LFA-1 (CD-18) defic.
LAD
albanism + neuro
chediak higashi; LYST
pancytopenia
Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test yellow
CGD
make granulomas because can’t kill them with res. burst
graft thrombosis with ishcemia/necrosis
Hyperacute; preformed Abs
graft vasculitis with dense intersitial lymphocyte infiltrate
acute; CD8
proliferation of vascular SM with parenchymal atrophy and interstitial fibrosis; AS
chronic; CD4 (cytokines)
post-graft jaundice, rash, diarrhea, HS_megally
GVHD
liver and BM transplants
