immunity and vaccinations

Question 1

active immunity

Answer 1

• body makes own antibodies after neomg stimulated by an antigen

Question 2

two types of active immnity

Answer 2

• natural
  
  • afrter catching a disease
• artificial
  
  • vaccination

Question 3

passive immunity

Answer 3

• given antiboides by a different organisms
• doesn’t produce own antibodies

Question 4

two types of passive immunity

Answer 4

• natural
  
  • baby comes ummune due to antibodies it receives from other in placenta and breast milk
• artificial
  
  • injected witha ntibodies
  • contract tetanus, inject antibodies against tetanus toxins

Question 5

similarities and differences between active and passive

Answer 5

• active requires exposure to antigen, passive does not
• active take a while fro protection to develop, passive it is immediate
• active - protection is long term, passive - protection is short term
• active - memory cells are produced, passive- memory cells aren’t produced

Question 6

autoimmune disease

Answer 6

• abnormal immune response
• immune system isn’t able to recognise self-antigens
• treat as foreign antigen and launches an immune response

Question 7

example of autoimmune diseases

Answer 7

• lupus
  
  • immune system attacking cells in connective tissues
  • damages the tissues and causes painful irratation
• rheumatoid arthritis
  
  • immune system attacking cells in joints
  • causes pain and inflammation

Question 8

vaccine

Answer 8

• contains antigens that causes body to produce memory cells against a pathogen, without causing a disease
• contain dead or attneuated pathogens

Question 9

herd immunity

Answer 9

prevents people who havent been vaccinated from getting disease