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TEAS > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Immune system function

A
  • protects body against invading pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and Protists
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2
Q

Immune system consists of

A
  • lymphatic system
  • red bone marrow
  • leukocytes (WBC)
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3
Q

Tonsils

A
  • located in pharynx

- protect against pathogens entering body through mouth or nose

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4
Q

Thymus

A
  • serves as maturation chamber for immature T cells that form in bone marrow
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5
Q

Spleen

A
  • cleans blood of dead cells and pathogens
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6
Q

Peyers patch’s

A
  • located in small intestine

- protect digestive system again pathogens

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7
Q

Skin

A
  • intact epidermis and dermis for a barrier against bacteria
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8
Q

Ciliated mucous membranes

A
  • sweep pathogens out of respiratory tract
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9
Q

Glandular secretions

A
  • secretion from exocrine glands destroy bacteria
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10
Q

Gastric secretions

A
  • acid destroys pathogens
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11
Q

Normal bacteria

A
  • compete with bacteria in gut and vagina
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12
Q

Phagocytes

A
  • mobilize WBC and chemical reactions to stop infection

- redness, tissue repair, and fluid around healing agents

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13
Q

Plasma protein

A
  • complement system to repel bacteria and pathogens
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14
Q

Microphages

A
  • phagocytes that alert T cells to foreign substance
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15
Q

T lymphocytes

A
  • attack infected cells
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16
Q

B lymphocytes

A
  • target specific bacteria
17
Q

Memory cells, suppressor T cells, and helper T cells

A
  • once invader has attacked body, if it returns it is recognized and secondary immune response occurs
  • fast and powerful, more so than original response
  • memory lymphocyte circulate body for years after
18
Q

Leukocytes

A
  • produced in red bone marrow
19
Q

Granulocytes

A
  • neutrophils: short living phagocytes that respond quickly
  • basophils: alert body of invasion
  • eosinophils: large, long living phagocytes that defend against multicellular invaders
20
Q

Monocytes

A
  • macrophages: travel in lymph, largest and long-living phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens
  • dendritic: present foreign particles T cells
21
Q

T lymphocytes

A
  • helper T cells: fight infections by producing antibodies
  • killer T cells: destroy cells that are infected with virus
  • suppressor T cell: stop or suppress other T cell when battle is over
  • memory T cell: remain in blood on alert
22
Q

B lymphocytes

A
  • produce antibodies
23
Q

Antigens

A
  • substance that stimulate immune response
  • typically proteins in bacteria, virus, or fungi
  • drugs, toxin, and foreign particles
24
Q

Antibodies

A
  • produced for each antigen
25
Q

Typical immune response

A
  • foreign substance enters body
  • engulfed by macrophage, which presents fragments of antigen on surface
  • helper T cells joins macrophage
  • killer T cells search and destroy
  • B cells differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells
26
Q

Plasma cells

A
  • produce antibodies specific to foreign substance
  • antibodies bind to antigens on surface and mark for destruction by phagocytes
  • memory cells remain in blood stream for future attack
27
Q

Innate immune system

A
  • at birth

- protects from pathogens

28
Q

Adaptive immunity

A
  • when encounters infection or has immunization
29
Q

Naturally acquired active immunity

A
  • when individuals is exposed and builds immunity without immunization
30
Q

Artificially acquired active immunity

A
  • individual is exposed and builds immunity by vaccine
31
Q

Naturally acquired passive immunity

A
  • during pregnancy
  • mothers bloodstream to bloodstream of fetus
  • or mothers breast milk
32
Q

Artificially acquired passive immunity

A
  • immunization in recent outbreaks
  • emergency
  • quick and short lived protection

TEAS (16 decks)

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