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TEAS > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

antigens

A

foreign substances

-identification to detect agents that are dangerous and let them know their foreign

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2
Q

allergies

A

immune response to foreign agents that are NOT pathogens

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3
Q

innate immune system

A
  • external aspect of innate immune system (first line of defense)
  • doesnt defend against specific pathogens
  • HAS NATURAL KILLER CELLS
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4
Q

normal flora

A

live on skin/ other substances lining areas in contact with external environment

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5
Q

immune system

A
  • 2nd line of defense
  • collection of nonspecific cellular response such as…
    - inflammation
    - production of interferons
    - ingestion of pathogens by phagocytes
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6
Q

adaptive immune system

A
  • 3rd line of defense

- collection of cellular responses triggered by internal presence of SPECIFIC antigens

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7
Q

T- Cells

A
  • undergo mutation in THYMUS
    - in presence of antigen, mature T-cells activate
  • DIRECTLY attack cells infected by viruses and bacteria(Helper, cytotoxic, and memory)
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8
Q

Helper T-Cell

A
  • secretes INTERLEUKINS, chemical messengers that trigger action of other cells
    - one of those action is attack of foreign
    substances by cytotoxic T-cell
    -activate B cells to make ANTIBODIES and other chemicals
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9
Q

Memory Cell

A
  • T cell that now responds quickly to an antigen re-exposure
  • involved in cell mediated immunity
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10
Q

B-cell

A
  • make antibodies in response to antigens
  • multiply quickly into plasma cells (produce and secretes large amount of antibodies)
  • production of immunoglobin
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11
Q

antibody

A
  • blood proteins that have variable region that fits specific antigens
  • tags pathogens for later destruction
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12
Q

passive immunity

A
  • temporary immunity gained by body

- gained NATURALLY

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13
Q

active immunity

A
  • protection against specific antigens resulting from body’s production of antibodies in response
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14
Q

vaccine

A
  • solution of dead and weakened pathogens introduced to body for purpose of stimulating antibodies production
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15
Q

Peyer’s patch

A

protects digestive system from pathogen

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16
Q

macrophage

A

one large type of phagocyte WBC
-after consuming pathogen, theyre able to put parts of ingested antigens on cell membrane to alert patrolling T-cells

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17
Q

cytokines

A

broadcast location of pathogens to other WBC

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18
Q

Spleen

A
  • Filters blood
  • removing microbes and worn out rbc
  • produces white blood cells that fight infection and synthesizes antibodies
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19
Q

What is the spleen made of?

A

Lymphoid tissue

20
Q

splenic sinus connects what?

A

blood vessels to spleen

21
Q

cytotoxic t-cells

A

in adapative

22
Q

Which muscle moves lymph one way?

A

skeletal muscle

23
Q

lymph nodes

A
  • located in neck, armpit, and groin

- Small swellings in the lymphatic system where LYMPH IS FILTERED and LYMPHOCYTES ARE FORMED

24
Q

lymph tissue

A
  • tonsils
  • adenoids
  • thymus
  • spleen
  • peyer’s patch
25
Q

tonsils

A

located in PHARYNX

-protect against pathogens entering via mouth or throat

26
Q

thymus

A

maturation chamber for immune T cells formed in bone marrow

27
Q

spleen

A

cleans blood of dead cells and pathogens

28
Q

peyer’s patch

A
  • located in ILEUM of small intestine

- protects GI tracts from pathogens

29
Q

ciliated mucous membrane

A

cilia protect RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

30
Q

glandular secretion

A

Exocrine-destroy pathogens

31
Q

gastric secretions

A

gastric acid destroys pathogens

32
Q

normal bacterial populations

A

compete with pathogen in GUTS and VAGINA

33
Q

suppressor T-cells

A

stop other T-cells when the battle is over

34
Q

killer/cytoxic T-cells

A

destroy cells infected with a pathogen, virus, or tumor

35
Q

anitbody mediated responses

A

response is to an antigen

36
Q

cellular mediated responses

A

responses is to an ALREADY infected cell

37
Q

Steps of Immune System

A
  1. Macrophage engulfs antigen and presents fragments of antigen on its surface
  2. A Helper T Cell joins the Macrophage
  3. Killer/Cytotoxic T Cells and B Cells are activated
  4. Killer/Cytotoxic T Cells search and destroy cells presenting the same antigen
  5. B Cells differentiate into Plasma Cells and Memory Cells
38
Q

naturally acquired active immunity

A

exposure to pathogen without immunization

39
Q

naturally acquired passive immunity

A

occurs during pregnancy and during breast feeding

-antibodies passed from mother to child

40
Q

artificially acquired active immunity

A

build immunity via vaccinations

41
Q

artificially acquired passive immunity

A

immunization given during an outbreak or emergency

  • temporary
  • antibodies come from another person or animal
42
Q

dendritic cells

A

present antigens to T-cells

43
Q

neutrophils

A

short living phagocytes that respond quickly to invaders

44
Q

basophils

A

alert the body of invasion

45
Q

eosinophils

A

are large, long-living phagocytes that defend against multicellular invaders

46
Q

plasma cells

A

produces antibodies specific to that pathogen or foreign substances

TEAS (19 decks)

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