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Systems + Gen Ops > Ice and Rain Protection > Flashcards

Ice and Rain Protection Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the Holdover Time Charts located?

A

In the EFN, under “All Pilots” > “FAA Holder Time Guide”. This document is updated each winter.

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2
Q

When must a tactile (hand on wing) check be accomplished during the walk around?

A

Whenever the OAT is less than 6ºC and one of the following conditions exist:

  • Visible moisture is present
  • Water is present on the wing
  • The difference between dew point and OAT is 3ºC or less
  • The atmospheric conditions have been conductive to frost formation
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3
Q

What anti-ice fluid must be used when operating in conditions with ice pellets adhering to the aircraft?

A

Only Type IV fluid may be used during operations in ice pellets.

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4
Q

What information must the captain collect if deicing/anti-icing occurred?

A

Fluid type, fluid product name, mixture ratio, time when the final deicing/anti-icing application began.

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5
Q

Is it allowable to be manually deiced while the engines are operating?

A

No.

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6
Q

Is it allowable to use cold forced air for loose snow removal from aircraft surfaces?

A

Yes; however, this does not replace the need for de/anti-icing procedures.

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7
Q

If operating in active ground icing and an abort is accomplished after initiating a takeoff roll, is it allowable to initiate another takeoff if within the original HOT?

A

No, prior to initiating an additional takeoff, the aircraft must be deiced and, if ground icing conditions will exist for the subsequent takeoff, anti-iced.

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8
Q

Who has ultimate responsibility for determining whether the aircraft is free of contamination and complies with the clean aircraft concept?

A

The Captain

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9
Q

T/F Takeoff during moderate or heavy freezing rain is permitted?

A

False lol

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10
Q

What are some indications of anti-icing fluid failure?

A

The fluid begins to appear opaque rather than transparent and glossy; the ability to discern structural details (screws, rivets, seams) through the fluid is no longer apparent.

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11
Q

Where can the crew find instructions on how to configure the aircraft during de-icing/anti-icing operations?

A

QRH

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12
Q

What steps should be taken if the EICAS message E1(2) A/ICE FAIL is displayed while taxiing in ground operations while in icing or while in cruise flight with thrust levers towards IDLE?

A

Advance the thrust levers to see if the EICAS message goes away and the OPEN inscriptions for the engine anti-ice valves remain open.

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13
Q

When must ENG REF ANTI-ICE be selected ON when storing takeoff data?

A

If icing conditions (temperature on the ground is <=10ºC and visible moisture is present, or standing water, ice, slush, or snow is present on taxiways or runway) are present from liftoff to 1700’ AGL.

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14
Q

Where should the Ice Detection Knob be selected after the normal After Start Check while taxiing in icing conditions? How should the pneumatic panel be configured while taxiing in icing conditions?

A

ENG; For passenger comfort, the APU may be used to supply pneumatic air for pack operation while taxiing in icing conditions; engine lip anti-ice does not require the ENVs to be selected open to operate normally.

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15
Q

When is the wing and horizontal stabilizer anti-ice protection inhibited?

A

On the ground with a wheel speed <25 knots.

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16
Q

When climbing in icing conditions, what are the preferred flight guidance control panel modes of operation?

A

FLC mode provides sufficient stall protection.

If using SPD or VS modes, ensure that the airspeed does not drop below 200 KIAS or 0.56M

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17
Q

When is the wing and horizontal stabilizer anti-ice protection inhibited?

A

On the ground with a wheel speed < 25 knots.

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18
Q

What differences are found in the XR anti-ice systems compared to the 145LR?

A

The 145XR upper wing surface contains DC-powered clear ice detectors that function on the ground only.

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19
Q

When will the clear ice detectors on the 145XR trigger a CLR ICE EICAS message?

A

On the ground only, when clear ice is detected on the upper surface of the wing.

20
Q

What is the functionality of engine lip and anti-ice protection in the essential power configuration with a loss of all generators?

A

The engine lip anti-ice system operates continuously and cannot be turned off. The engine-lip anti-ice valve is DC powered and fails open.

21
Q

During essential power with a loss of all generators, is wing and stabilizer anti-ice protection available?

A

No, the Wing and Stabilizer anti-ice valves are DC powered and fail closed.

22
Q

During Ice Test A, where should the ice detection override knob be positioned and how long should the test switch be held on each side?

A

The Override Knob should be placed in the ALL position and the test switch must be held in each position for at least 10 seconds, and no longer than 15 seconds.

23
Q

How are the bleeds configured for a takeoff in icing condition?

A

The engine bleeds should be open and the APU bleed should be closed.

24
Q

Is it possible to use the APU bleed for air conditioning while taxiing in icing conditions?

A

Yes. The APU bleed may be used to provide air conditioning. The engine lip anti-icing bleed air is tapped off prior to the engine bleed valve. For this reason, the engine bleed may be closed during a taxi in icing conditions.

25
Q

When is engine lip anti-ice required?

A

Whenever the temperature is less than or equal to 10ºC and at least one form of visible moisture is present.

26
Q

What should be checked when conducting Ice Test A?

A

For each side, separately, check that the OPEN inscriptions in the deice valve buttons are illuminated and that ICE DET 1(2) FAIL and BLD 1(2) LOW TEMP caution messages and the ICE CONDITION advisory message are displayed on the EICAS.

27
Q

What should be checked when conducting the in-flight portion of Ice Test B?

A

Select the Ice Detection Override knob to ALL for 20 seconds and check that the OPEN inscriptions in the buttons are illuminated and NO ICE-A/ICE ON caution message is displayed on the EICAS.

28
Q

At what altitude and temperature range should the in-flight portion of the Ice Test B be accomplished?

A

From 2,000 ft AGL to 23,000 ft MSL and a TAT less than 10ºC

29
Q

What type of windshields do we have at ExpressJet?

A

We have PPG windshields. We turn on windshield heat once the engines have been started.

30
Q

Describe the different positions of the Ice Detection Override knob when it is in the ENG, AUTO, and ALL position?

A 
AUTO only turns on icing protection when it is detected!
AUTO - on the ground
With Ice detected:
• Engine lip anti-ice
• Wing &amp; Stab anti-ice only when wheel speed is > 25 knots.
AUTO – In Flight
With Ice detected:
• Engine Lip, Wing, &amp; Stab Anti- ice
ENG will always have engine lip anti-ice on. The rest of the logic is the same as AUTO.
ENG - Ground
No ice detected:
• Engine lip anti-ice
With Ice detected:
• Engine lip anti-ice
• Wing &amp; Stab anti-ice only when wheel speed is > 25 knots.
ENG – In Flight
No ice detected:
• Engine lip anti-ice
With ice detected:
• Engine Lip, Wing, &amp; Stab Anti-ice
ALL will always have engine lip anti-ice on. In flight ALL icing protection comes on regardless of icing conditions.
ALL - Ground
Regardless of icing conditions:
• Engine lip anti-ice
Wheel speed > 25 knots:
• Engine Lip, Wing, &amp; Stab Anti- ice
ALL – In Flight
Regardless of icing conditions:
• Engine Lip, Wing, &amp; Stab Anti- ice
31
Q

Define icing conditions?

A

Icing conditions exist when OAT ≤10ºC AND

  • Visible Moisture (or)
  • Ceiling <1700 ft (or)
  • Visibility <10SM (or)
  • Ground Contamination
32
Q

During an Icing Takeoff what does setting Reference Anti-Ice to ON really do?

A

Allows the FADEC to allocate some bleed air during the takeoff, in the event ice is detected, to prevent the loss of thrust and impair climb performance.

33
Q

How is our ice protection powered?

A
  • Lip, Wing, and Stab are all DC powered.
  • Lip anti-ice fails OPEN
  • Windshield 1 is DC
  • Windshield 2 is SHED
34
Q

How are the pitot and TAT sensors powered?

A

Pitot 1, TAT 1, AOA 1 - DC powered
Pitot 3 - ESS powered
Pitot 2, TAT 2, AOA 2 - DC powered

35
Q

When are the different sensors heated?

A 
On Ground with an engine running - ALL pitot tubes, static ports, and AOA sensors are heated.
On Ground ("hot lips, hot TATs") - When Lip on, TAT's are heated.
In Fight - ALL sensors are heated.
36
Q

What ice protection is heated pneumatically?

A

Engine Lip, Wing, and Stab.

37
Q

What does the EICAS advisory message SPS/ICE SPEEDS mean?

A

SPS actuation is advanced for flaps 9°, 18°, or 22°
– Displayed upon entering icing conditions (inhibited until 5 min after takeoff)
– Perform Stall Protection System test on the ground to reset

38
Q

On the XR, how are the Clear Icing detectors powered?

A

DC powered

39
Q

What does the EICAS warning message ICE-COND-A/I INOP mean?

A
  • Ice is detected, anti-icing is inoperative.
    Any bleed air anti-icing subsystem is not functioning correctly and ice conditions have been detected.
  • If message is presented during takeoff – ABORT!
40
Q

Describe Anti-Ice Flight Idle? What is this?

A
  • When in icing conditions, the FADEC will command a little more thrust than what is normal for IDLE to provide adequate bleed air for anti-ice.
  • Inhibited below 15,000 ft (ADC input) with the gear down and locked.
41
Q

When should the Ice Detection Override knob be set to ENG?

A

During an icing taxi and takeoff.

42
Q

Describe the following tests and when they would be performed?
Ice Test A
Ice Test B (ground)
Ice Test B (air)

A

Ice Test A is done on the first flight of the day shortly before takeoff.
Ice Test B (ground) is done on the first flight check.
Ice Test B (air) is done on the After Takeoff Check.

43
Q

Describe the amplified procedure for Ice Protection checked during the Receiving Flow?

A

Ensure the WINDSHIELD buttons are deselected out and all other ICE PROTECTION buttons are selected in.

44
Q

What components are heated electronically? When?

A

Pitot Tubes, Static Ports, TATs, AOA Vanes, Pressurization Static Ports, and Ice Detectors.

On Ground with an engine running - ALL pitot tubes, static ports, and AOA sensors are heated.
On Ground ("hot lips, hot TATs") - When Lip on, TAT's are heated.
In Fight - ALL sensors are heated.
45
Q

What is available in essential power?

A

Pitot 3 and Engine Lip anti-ice fails OPEN.

Systems + Gen Ops (21 decks)

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