I - 3 Windows

Question 1

describe windows

Answer 1

windows are used to provide light to the in side of a building and to allow the occupants to see out. they may also be required as fire escapes.

Question 2

windows that enclose heated space must…

Answer 2

have double pained glass

Question 3

window frame

Answer 3

composed of side jambs, head jamb and sill

Question 4

sashes

Answer 4

fits into the window jamb, like a door fits into a door jamb

movable part of window

Question 5

Windows sizing

Answer 5

sized by width and height. 4 (little0) 3 (little 0) means the window is 4’ by 3’ these sizes are for frames not actual window.

Question 6

Fixed windows

Answer 6

do not open. only used to let light in. large fixed windows called picture windows. more energy efficient because there is no moving parts or weather stripping.

Question 7

Sliding windows.

Answer 7

open but are not as effective at ventilating building. they are most economical and very common.

Question 8

Vinyl - frame sliding windows vs. vinyl - frame casement windows

Answer 8

vinyl framed windows are slightly more airtight meaning a bit more energy efficient.

Question 9

XOO window

Answer 9

looking from outside. “X” is window that slides to the right and the 00 are the fixed sashes.

Question 10

Casement windows

Answer 10

open outward and provide excellent ventilation. open sash directs and passing breeze into the building.

XOX means middle sash is fixed and both X windows open dotted lines point to hinge location

Question 11

awning hung windows

Answer 11

sashes and hinges are on top opening like an awning

Question 12

hopper hung widnows

Answer 12

sashes are hinged at the bottom and opens inward. these sashes can be on top or bottom of window.

Question 13

pivoting window.

Answer 13

sash of a pivoting window pivots on two pins at either side of the sash. as the sash pivots the top moves inward and deflects rain

Question 14

double hung windows

Answer 14

has two sliding sashes that bypass each other vertically. these windows provide excellent ventilation.

Question 15

Energy efficient windows.

Answer 15

best way to decrease heat loss through windows is to reduce window area. location of windows on south side of building will allow heat gain.

Question 16

heat loss through window is caused by (4 things)

Answer 16

Conductive heat loss: reduced with thermal breaks and better insulated frame materials

radient heat loss: can be reduced using films such as low E-2

Convection heat loss can be reduced by filling the air space in double or triple glazed glass with heave gas like argon.

air leakage is reduced by using good quality weather stripping

Question 17

Double glazing

Answer 17

sealed units are installed in all windows that are used to enclose a heated space. this air space provides small amount of insulation from conduction. making space between windows bigger adds to insulation

Question 18

tripple glazing

Answer 18

additional layer of glass adds to insulation value. tripple glaze is used where thermal pressure is high due to cold winters. more money and way heavier.

Question 19

Fogging

Answer 19

double and triple glazed windows are sealed at factory using tape and caulking.

double glazed windows on south side of building will void warranty first because sun expands air in units causing them to break down. commercial cleaners also eat away at sealants

Question 20

reflective films

Answer 20

heat gain is a concern in buildings with large windows. using reflective films will reduce the amount of radiant heat inside building.

Question 21

Low E and Low E2

Answer 21

associated with reflective films. the terms mea that the film will not let radiant heat waves emit into or from the building. inside the outside pane of low e2 glazed windows is treated with thin layer of metal that reflects the radiant energy.

Low e2 keeps building chill in summer and warm in winter.

Question 22

Gas fill

Answer 22

heat traveling through pains will cause convection. willing air between pains with heave gas like argon or krypton will slow convection heat loss

Question 23

weather stripping

Answer 23

major cause of heat loos is letting warm air out and cold air in. weather stripping around windows decreases air movement.

Question 24

Window frame

Answer 24

holds the sash. two side jambs a head jamb and a sill.

Question 25

wood window frames

Answer 25

rabbited to accept sash, with of rabbet is the thickness of sash going into usually 1 3/8”

Question 26

Mullions

Answer 26

if window holds more then one sash,mullion is used to divide. the frame vertically and separate the window into units.

Question 27

Transom

Answer 27

this is a horizontal member that separates the frame. allows one sash to be placed above another.

Question 28

sash

Answer 28

is the frame for the glass in the window. vertical members of sash called stiles and horizontal members called tails.

Question 29

stiles

Answer 29

vertical member of sash

Question 30

rail

Answer 30

horizontal member of sash

Question 31

Four light sash

Answer 31

windows with four tiny windows all separated by muntins

Question 32

wood frames

Answer 32

mostly used in high end residential and heritage work. although visually pleasing and more energy efficient they can be subject to rot, warping

Question 33

Aluminum and steel

Answer 33

benefits are strength and durability. due to strength of window frame window can span further. energy efficiency is poor unless you use thermal breaks.

Question 34

thermal breaks

Answer 34

cold metal frames can become wet and produce condensation. BCBC requires that a thermal break of insulating material be incorporated into metal framed windows.

Question 35

Vinyl and fibreglass windows

Answer 35

frames are divided into multiple sealed air cavities. these trapped air cavities add insulation value and strength to frame.

Question 36

nail-on flange

Answer 36

nail-on flanges style is common for new construction in western Canada. window is flush with exterior sheathing

Question 37

inset windows

Answer 37

used when set into an opening. windows are fastened by drilling and screwing through side jambs. moulding and caulkings are used to seal around window.

Question 38

Commercial frames styles

Answer 38

large expanses of glass are used for high rise or store fronts. frames need to be strong enough to support large glazing units and withstand wind loads.

Question 39

Maintenance for windows

Answer 39

cleaning is main one

replacing sliding track or lubing up track to make slide easier

Question 40

Butt hinges

Answer 40

narrow fixed butt hinges are used on exterior windows to allow window to open full for fire escape.

Question 41

Sliding hinges

Answer 41

used with casement, awning and hopper style. two hinges are used and support the sash at top and bottom or each side. when opened hinge slides along track.

sliding hinges are set in rabbits cut at the top and bottom of sash.

Question 42

Snubbers

Answer 42

are used midway between the hinges of tall casement windows to prevent bowing.

Question 43

lifters

Answer 43

used under the latch side of a sagging sash to support the weight when the window is closed.

Question 44

Latches

Answer 44

used to lock windows and pull sash tight. against weather stripping.

Question 45

casement operators.

Answer 45

crank handle or telescopic sliding systems

Question 46

sliding window hardware two main types

Answer 46

rollers and latches

Question 47

rollers ( sliding window hardware)

Answer 47

the sliding sash travels along a track. the roller system is used to reduce force needed to slide window.

Question 48

latches ( sliding window hardware)

Answer 48

window latch is typically attached to one window and securely connects to another when closed.

Question 49

sliding window security devices

Answer 49

popout latches are designed to limid travel of sliding window. prevents window fro sliding open far enough for someone to climb in.

Question 50

Rollers (patio door hardware)

Answer 50

patio door rollers are designed to carry heavy loads and to last for many openings. mounted in door so that the roller height can be adjusted.

Question 51

BCBC and windows

Answer 51

Bathrooms, bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, dens , rec rooms, must have ventilation of natural or mechanical. if natural window much be 3ft square

Question 52

BCBC bedroom windows

Answer 52

cannot be smaller then 3.77 square feet. and needs to open

Question 53

Delivery of windows

Answer 53

shipped upright with sill down. heavy windows have wood frames attache called sleepers. place windows on floor they will be installed on.

Question 54

Prepping opening of window.

Answer 54

weather resistant barrier (peel and stick) caulking and building paper.

Question 55

BCBC requires flashing under window UNLESS

Answer 55

1. a 6% or greater sloping sill
2. drip edge at least 5 mm past the cladding
3. . raised sam on the topside.

Question 56

Head flashing

Answer 56

Must be installed f projection of roof is less then 4x the vertical distance between the top of window.
flashing musst have
1. extend 50mm vertically under both planes of projection
2. have slope of at least 6%
3. end in a drip edge
4. terminate both sides with at least 25mm high end damn.

Question 57

weather resistant barrier

Answer 57

many acceptable types of weather resistant barriers consult warranty provider and local building codes.