C-3 Stationary Tools Flashcards
Jointer
- Used to remove warps and twists of a piece of wood to make its square and true
- also be used to rabbet, taper, bevel and chamfer
Infeed Table (jointer)
- made of mechanical cast iron
- hight of infeed is adjustable (depth of cut)
- Supports work as it is fed through cutter head
Outfeed (jointer)
- table at back of jointer that governs the straightness of material being passed through
- also supports work as its passed through table
Fence (jointer)
- attached to infeed table or the jointer frame
- works like table saw fence
- keeps work at a consistent angle as its fed through cutter
Cutterhead (jointer)
- Solid metal cylinder with three blades on it
- must be kept sharp to leave smooth surface
- length of knifes in cutterhead sets size of jointer
(common sizes are 150mm and 200mm)
Guards (jointer)
- guards cover parts of jointer blades that are not in u se
Frame (jointer)
- frame and also referred to as base, is made of heavy cast iron.
- supports all parts of jointer
Adjusting hand wheels and locks (jointer)
- jointers have two hand wheel adjusting units with locks on both of them
- handwheel on infeed table sets the depth of the cut
- handwheel on outfeed table sets the table hight of the knifes. normally set until knives need to be replaced
Rabbeting ledge (jointer)
attatchment to jointer on infeed table. gives extra support to material that is being rabbited `
Power switch ( Jointer )
turns jointer on and off
Fence controle handle (jointer)
handle that controls the fence and locks the fence in desired angles/positions along the table
Tilt scale and Pointer (jointer)
used to set the tilt of fence
- normally stops at 45 and 90 degrees
Slope and grain
- check angle of grain before use. jointer knives should be cutting with the grain
Joining crooked cupped or bowed wood
always place concave surface of crooked cupped or bowed board down. stabilizes board
Rabbeting (jointer)
- remove guard
- set fence to desired rabbet width (lock
- set depth of cut to desired
- make trial cut into piece of wood
if cutting in one pass reduce speed to prevent kickback
Cutting a Bevel (jointer)
Bevel: an edge bevel stretches from one end of the stock to the other
- tilt fence to desired angle
- lower infeed table to desired height
- proceed with cut
Cutting a Chamfer (jointer)
Chamfer: bevel that runs less then half the thickness of the workpiece
- tilt fence to desired angle
- lower infeed table to desired cut
- proceed with cut
thickness planer
Dresses lumber to uniform thickness
knive and cutterhead speed (planer)
in between 4000 and 20 000 rpm’s
Upper infeed roller (planer)
has surraded surface that grips lumber and forces it forward
upper outfeed roller (planer)
smooth and often rubber. pulls lumber through planer
Lower rollers (planer)
prevent lumoer from dragging too heavy on the table
Pressure bar ( planer )
spring loaded bar presses lumber to the surface of the table to prevent chattering. can be adjusted for different woods
Chip breaker ( planer)
prevents knives from tearing long slivers from wood
Elevating wheel lock (planer)
used to adjust the thickness setting of the planer.
thickness scale and pointer (planer)
indicate the thickness setting.scale shows how thick material will be after coming out of planer
rate of feed (planer)
speed at which wood is pulled through planer. can be adjusted. normally 16-20 feet per minute
chip guard (planer)
deflects flow of chips away from operator and into dust collecting unit
anti kickback fingers ( planer)
prevent kickback out of planer
Balt sander
used for final sanding of straight stock small enough for one person to handle.
Motor (belt sander)
turns one roller at the end of belt.
motor switch (belt sander)
turns motor on and off
Rollers (belt sander)
on either end of sanding belt. one provides power to belt. one makes sure belt is tracking properly
Abrasive belt (belt sander)
contains abrasive that removes wood during a sanding operation.
Platen ( belt sander)
located just behind the belt. smooth metal plate that holds the sanding belt against the work and this ensured flat sanding surface.
tracking adjustment (belt sander)
the idle roller (roller not under power) has tracking adjustment that tilts roller slightly one way or the other.
table (belt sander)
may be adjustable so that it can be tilted 20 degrees toward belt or 40 degrees away from it. used to support work when an accurate angle mist be maintained
Belt tensioning mechanism (belt sander)
spring loaded roller that is used to apply tension to the belt. lever is used to release tension to change belt
tilt mechanism and pointer ( belt sander)
table tilts and is equipped with scale an pointer to show angle
tilt lock ( belt sander)
used to lock table at specific angle
Height adjustment (beltsander)
risers and lowers the table in order to take advantage of entire belt surface
Wide belt sander
made to sand large flat surfaces fast.
Drum sander
have strip of sandpaper wrapped diagonally around drum. sometimes referred to as “thickness sanders” because they do same thing as planers except use sandpaper
Stroke sander
very long belt above movable table. table is adjusted so move material close to belt. operator moves table back and forth with one hand and other pushes down pad to sand surface.
Motor (Disk Sander)
provides spinning action
Abrasive disk ( disk sander)
disk attached to metal disk by adhesive or hook and loop method (like velcro) to provide flat accurate surface for sanding
tilting table (disk sander)
table can be tilted from 0 to 45 degrees for desired sanding
Sanding shapes ( disks sander)
- rough cut shape on bandsaw leaving 1-2mm to be removed by sander
- set table to desired angle to work at
- sand away waste portion of cut
- keep work piece moving
Vertical oscillating spindle sander
has upright shaft that has sand paper on it, spins and bobs up and down
ideal for sanding inside curved corners
Aluminum Oxide sandpaper
most commonly used sandpaper
brownish reddish colour
avalable from 24-400
Silicone carbide
hardest and sharpest manufactured abrasive sandpaper
- black
- used on brittle surfaces like glass, marble, tile, granite,
- 24-600 grit
Ceramic
- Orange or red colour
- grain structure provides continuous renewal of the most consistent and uniform cutting edges.
- 24 - 120
- mainly used for belt sanding
Alumina Zirconia
- ideal for grinding metal and hard woods
- blue
- rugged synthetic abrasive used to remove stock
- lasts 5x longer then aluminum oxide on tough applications
- 24 - 120 grits
Open coat sandpaper
abrasive materials cover only 50-705 of backing surface
Closed coat sandpaper
cover the entire surface. used for semi finishing or final finishing.
Paper backing sandpaper
not particularly flexible and should be used on flat surfaces
cloth backing sandpaper
very strong and durable made to bend and flex
fiber backing sandpaper
used on disks and drums tough and fairly ridged
coarse grit
50 or less. uses for fast removal of wood in shaping process, or for paint removal
medium grit
60, 80 and 100. not fine enough for final sanding or for stained material although 100 grit can be finished for painted material
fine grit
120, 150, 180 used for final sanding before applying stain or varnish
very fine grit
220-600 used for polishing or finishing after coats of stain or finishes have been applies.
