hypovoleamia

Question 1

what are the signs and symptoms of hypovoleamia?

Answer 1

tachycardia, hypotension, cool pale skin

Question 2

how does hypovomeamic shock work?

Answer 2

when fluid is lost, the body compensates for less volume by increasing heart rate in order to increase the cardiac output and maintain perfusion to the vital organs. blood rushes from the non vital organs to help more get to the vital organs.

Question 3

what is end diastolic volume?

Answer 3

volume of blood in the ventricles before a contraction

Question 4

what is the stroke volume?

Answer 4

the volume of blood ejected from the heart after one heart beat. there cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate.

Question 5

what is preload?

Answer 5

the level blood in the ventricles during the diastolic phase

Question 6

what is startling’s law?

Answer 6

the greater the level blood in the ventricles during diastole (preload), the greater the amount of blood pumped out the ventricles during systole.

Question 7

how does startling’s law apply to hypovoleamic shock?

Answer 7

if there is less blood entering the ventricles during the diastolic phase due to a loss of fluid, there is less blood being ejected from the ventricles. because SV in decreased the heat tries to compensate by increasing the heart rate. because CO = SV x HR

Question 8

what are the modifying factors for giving fluid?

Answer 8

• spinal cord injury with no other injury: 500ml bolus
• penetrating trunk injury
• uncontrolled hemorrhage
• AAA
• GI hemorrhage: accept 80 to 100sBP

Question 9

what are the fluid guidelines for the significantly dehydrated pt?

Answer 9

20ml/kg over 30 mins

Question 10

what are the guidelines for fluid replacement in hypovomemic shock?

Answer 10

20ml/kg if bp less than 100 and/or HR greater than 100. consult after 40ml/kg