decompression illness Flashcards
what is decompression illness?
An illness that results from a reduction in the ambient pressure surrounding a body common in resurfacing divers.
what is hydro static pressure?
pressure water has on a object immersed in the water
what is absolute pressure?
the sum of atmospheric pressure and hydrostatic pressure
what is guage pressure?
the difference between atmospheric pressure and absolute pressure
what is boyles law?
p1v1=p2v2 with constant temperature
what is charles law?
if pressure is constant, the volume of a gas is proportional to the absolute temperature
what is the general gas law?
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
what is dalton’s law?
total pressure of a gas is equal to the sum of all the pressures of the individual gases.
what is henry’s law?
the amount of gas absorbed into a liquid is proportional to the pressure over the liquid.
how does DCI work?
the absolute pressure is increased as the hydrostatic pressure increases. this allows more gas to be dissolved into the blood. when you resurface too quickly, the liquid pressure releases and gases that were absorbed and bubble are formed. leading to pulmonary barotruama.
what is pulmonary barotrauma?
tissue damage due to gas volume changes caused by hold your breathe in ascent.
what are the 4 manifestations of pulmonary barotrauma?
- pulmonary tissue damage
- pneumothorax
- air embolis
- emphyseama
what is the treatment of DCI?
- administer 100% oxygen via oxy-saver regardless of SPO2
- avoid rapid rewarming
- 1000ml normal saline over 15 to 20 minutes. continue 1000ml every 4hrs.
