hypothalamus DSA Flashcards
what is the primary role of the hypothalamus
maintenance of homeostasis
what are the four divisions of the hypothalamus
preoptic area
periventricular zone
medial zone
lateral zone
what two structures comprise the preoptic area of the hypothalamus
medial and lateral preoptic nuclei
what nucleus contains neurons that make GnRH
medial preoptic nuclei
with what structure is the preoptic area continuous
basal forebrain
which ventricle is the periventricular zone adjacent to
third
what is the function of the periventricular zone of the hypothalamus
synthesis of releasing hormones
what are the three regions of the medial zone
supraoptic region
tuberal region
mammilary region
which zone of the hypothalamus contains the medial forebrain bundle
lateral zone
what is the “feeding center”
the lateral hypothalamic nucleus
what are tuberal nuclei
clusters of neurons in the lateral zone of the hypothalamus, forming the tuberoinfundibular tract
what hormones are transmitted by the supraoptic nucleus and to where
oxytocin and ADH to the posterior pituitary
what is the function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus
receives input from the retina to mediate circadian rhythm
what is the function of the anterior nucleus
“range of somatic functions”
temperature regulation
what nucleus is considered to be a “satiety center” and in what region is it
ventromedial nucleus
in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus
what is the primary location of neurons that contain releasing hormones
arcuate nucleus, in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus
axons making up the mamillothalamic tract originate from what nucleus
medial mammillary nucleus
from what structure does the intermediate and lateral mamillary nuclei receive input
reticular formation via the mamillary peduncle
what nucleus of the hypothalamus merges with the PAG
posterior hypothalamic nucleus
what is the arterial supply to the hypothalamus
perforating arteries from the circle of willis
what hypothalamic structures are supplied by the A1 segment of ACA
preoptic area
supraoptic region
septal nuclei
rostral part of lateral area
what hypothalamic areas and supplied by the P1 segment of PCA and posterior communicating a
tuberal and mammillary regions
what is the largest single input to the hypothalamus
fornix
what two structures are formed at the division of the fornix and where is the division
divides at anterior commission into hippocampus and subiculum
what structures are connected by the medial forebrain bundle
septal nuclei
hypothalamus
tegmentum of the midbrain
where does the stria terminalis terminate
septal nuclei
preoptic area
medial hypothalamic zone
what are the amygdalohypothalamic fibers
stria terminalis
ventral amygdalofugal pathway
from what structure does the mammillary fasciculus arise
medial mammillary nucleus
what structures arise from the bifurcation of the mammillary fasciculus
mammillothalamic tract
mammillotegmental tract
between what structures do the lateral hypothalamothalamic fibers project
lateral preoptic area =>dorsomedial nucleus and amygdaloid nucleus
what fibers link the hypothalamus and the ANS
hypothalamospinal and hypothalamomedullary
where do the hypothalamospinal fibers terminate
intermediolateral cell column
where do the hypothalamomedullary fibers terminate
solitary nucleus
dorsal vagal motor nucleus
nucleus ambiguus
