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Neuro final > control of eye movements > Flashcards

control of eye movements Flashcards

1
Q

what one eye movement is disconjugate

A

vergence (eyes move opposite each other

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2
Q

what is saccidic eye movement

A

rapid eye movement bringing image onto the fovea

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3
Q

what is the function of smooth pursuit

A

keeping an image centered on the fovea

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4
Q

what is the function of vestibular-ocular eye movement

A

holding image steady on fovea during head movements

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5
Q

what is the function of vergence

A

keeps an image on fovea when object is moved nearer

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6
Q

what structure is the horizontal gaze center

A

paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)

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7
Q

what CNs are involved in directing horizontal gaze

A

CN VI - lateral rectus

CN III - medial rectus

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8
Q

what structure is the vertical gaze center

A

rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus
(riMLF)

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9
Q

what CNs are involved in directing vertical gaze

A

CN III - superior/inferior rectus

CN IV - superior oblique

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10
Q

what has to happen at the brainstem to initiate saccadic eye movement

A

burst of excitatory neuron firing

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11
Q

what does the firing of tonic neurons do

A

initiate the locking and fixing on target in a saccadic eye movement

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12
Q

in a saccadic eye movement, what tells the eye to stop moving once fixed on a target

A

pause neurons inhibit burst neurons

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13
Q

where are the burst cell bodies for horizontal movement

A

PPRF

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14
Q

where are the tonic cell bodies for horizontal movement

A

nucleus prepositus hypoglossi

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15
Q

where are the pause cell bodies for vertical and horizontal movement

A

omnipause cells of raphe nuclei

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16
Q

where are the burst cell bodies for vertical movement

A

riMLF

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17
Q

where are the tonic cell bodies for vertical movement

A

interstitial nucleus of cajal

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18
Q

how can you test a saccadic movements

A

ask pt to visually jump from one object to another

19
Q

what are the sxs of a destructive lesion to the frontal gaze center

A

transient conjugate eye deviation towards lesion

difficulty looking away from lesion

20
Q

what are the sxs of seizure activity at frontal gaze center

A

eyes deviate away from firing gaze center

21
Q

what area is responsible for smooth pursuit

A

Brodmann area 19 - parieto-occipital jxn

22
Q

a lesion to what structure will cause a loss of smooth pursuit movements?

A

parietal lobe - movement toward lesion will be lost

23
Q

what system is lesioned in a patient whose eyes move in the same direction of head turning (Doll’s eye dysfunction)

A

vestibular-ocular system (brainstem)

24
Q

lesion to what structure causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)

A

medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

25
Q

what sxs are associated with INO

A

weak adduction of ipsilateral eye

abduction nystagmus in contralateral eye

26
Q

what are the three steps of the near reflex

A
  • convergence (of image on fovea)
  • accomodation (lens thickens to focus on fovea)
  • pupillary constriction
27
Q

what is argyll-robertson pupil

A

symptom of neurosyphilis

-absent light reflex but pupil constricts in near reflex

28
Q

what is an optokinetic eye movement

A

smooth pursuit movement w/ sustained head movements

29
Q

what eye movement are you using when scanning a room for your keys

A

saccade

30
Q

what structure initiates voluntary saccade

A

frontal eye fields (looking for keys)

31
Q

what structure initiates reflexive saccade

A

superior colliculus

32
Q

what is the path of a voluntary horizontal saccade

A

FEF => contralateral PPRF => contralateral CN VI (lateral rectus) => ipsi CN III (medial rectus)

33
Q

what structures are near the UPWARD vertical gaze center

A

superior colliculus

posterior commissure

34
Q

what condition can cause an upward vertical gaze palsy

A

pineal tumor

mass compression superior midbrain

35
Q

what structures are near the downward vertical gaze center

A

red nucleus

36
Q

where is the nucleus prepositius hypoglossi and what cells relevant to eye movement are found there

A

pons

tonic cells for horizontal saccades

37
Q

where is the interstitial nucleus of cajal and what cells relevant to eye movement are found there

A

midbrain

tonic cells for vertical saccades

38
Q

where is the raphe nuclei and what cells relevant to eye movement are found there

A

reticular formation

pause cells for both horizontal and vertical saccades

39
Q

if the left FEF fires, initiating a smooth pursuit movement, which direction to the eyes move

A

left

40
Q

what will be seen in a patient with a lesion of the parietal lobe when shown optokinetic tape

A

no nystagmus when tape is move toward lesion

41
Q

stimulation of the right horizontal semicircular canals results in eye movement in which direction

A

left

42
Q

will a patient with INO be able to have vergence

A

YES

43
Q

what movement of the eye occurs in convergence

A

adduction

Neuro final (16 decks)

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