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Biochem 1 Final > Hypothalamus - Anterior Pituitary Axis > Flashcards

Hypothalamus - Anterior Pituitary Axis Flashcards

1
Q

What does sleep or exercise cause the release of?

A

GHRH (GH release hormone)

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2
Q

GHRH makes what hormone?

A

GH

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3
Q

GH goes to what target organs?

A

Liver + tissue (especially bone/cartilage)

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4
Q

What does GH make in the liver/bone/cartilage? What does the hormone do?

A

Insulin like growth factor IGF-1
Stimulates muscle, bone, + cartilage growth

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5
Q

What does temp. Below 97˚F (cold) cause the release of?

A

TRH (Thyrotropin releasing)

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6
Q

What hormone does TRH make

A

TSH

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7
Q

What is the target organ of TSH

A

Thyroid

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8
Q

What are the target hormones of the Thyroid?

A

T4 (Thyroxine) - inactive thyroid hormone
T3 (Triiodothyronine) - active thyroid hormone

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9
Q

What is the function of T4

A

Converted to T3 in liver by bile dependent deiodinase enzyme

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10
Q

What is the function of T3

A

Controls metabolism by making bigger + more mitochondria

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11
Q

What does chronic stress cause the release of?

A

CRH (Corticotrophin Releasing)

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12
Q

What hormone does CRH make

A

ACTH

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13
Q

What is the target organ of ACTH

A

Adrenal Cortex

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14
Q

Name the 3 steroid hormones of the adrenal cortex

A

Mineral corticoid aldosterone
Glucocorticoid cortisol
Androgens DHEA + Androstenodione

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15
Q

What is the function of Mineral Corticoid Aldosterone

A

Increase Na/K ATPase pump in late distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of kidney

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16
Q

What is the function of Glucocorticoid Cortisol

A

Increases blood sugar level

17
Q

What is the function of Androgens DHEA and Androstenodione?

A

Can be converted to testosterone, then estradiol

18
Q

After puberty, what is released at different rates in males + females?

A

GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing)

19
Q

When is GnRH released in females?

A

After puberty; first half of cycle

20
Q

When is GnRH released in males?

A

After puberty; 8-14x per day

21
Q

What hormones does GnRH make?

A

FSH, LH

22
Q

What are the target organs of FSH

A

Ovary, Testes (seminiferous tubules)

23
Q

What are the target organs of LH

A

Ovary, testes - cells of Leydig

24
Q

What is the hormone of the Ovary in terms of FSH

A

Estradiol

25
Q

What is the function of Estradiol?

A

Matures follicle in order to release egg

26
Q

What is the function of Testes

A

Make sperm

27
Q

What is the function of the ovary

A

Ovulation

28
Q

What is the hormone of the testes + cells of Leydig in terms of LH?

A

Testosterone

29
Q

What is the function of Testosterone

A

Helps make sperm, secondary sex characteristics

30
Q

After giving birth, what occurs?

A

Localized drop in dopamine levels

31
Q

What hormone does a drop in dopamine make?

A

Prolactin

32
Q

What is the target organ of Prolactin

A

Breast

33
Q

What is the function of breasts

A

Makes milk

Biochem 1 Final (22 decks)

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