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Neurosciences > Hypothalamic Nuclei > Flashcards

Hypothalamic Nuclei Flashcards

1
Q

Suprachiasmatic nucleus function

A

Circadian rhythm

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2
Q

Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesion

A

Lesion → sleep-rhythm disorder

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3
Q

Preoptic nucleus function

A

Secretes GnRH to stimulate LH and FSH in the anterior pituitary, endocrine regulation of sexual behavior, thermoregulation (Conti, 2018)

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4
Q

Preoptic nucleus lesion

A

Lesions (before puberty) → arrested sexual development
Lesions (after puberty) → amenorrhea or impotence

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5
Q

Supraoptic nucleus function

A

Produces oxytocin (parturition and milk let-down reflex), and ADH (fluid balance)

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6
Q

Supraoptic nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → diabetes insipidus

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7
Q

Paraventricular nucleus function

A

Regulates secretion of oxytocin (parturition and milk let-down reflex) and ADH (fluid balance), secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

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8
Q

Paraventricular nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → diabetes insipidus

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9
Q

Anterior nucleus function

A

Regulates parasympathetics to keep cool (thermoregulation)

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10
Q

Anterior nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → hyperthermia

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11
Q

Posterior nucleus function

A

Regulates sympathetics to keep warm (thermoregulation)

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12
Q

Posterior nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → hypothermia

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13
Q

Arcuate nucleus function

A

Releases dopamine, GHRH to anterior pituitary, body-weight regulation (stimulates appetite and sensitive to leptin)

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14
Q

Arcuate nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → Galactorrhea and amenorrhea

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15
Q

Dorsomedial nucleus function

A

Body-weight regulation (stimulates appetite and sensitive to leptin), emotion (rage), libido, circadian activity

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16
Q

Dorsomedial nucleus lesion

A

Stimulation → obesity and savage behaviour

17
Q

Ventromedial nucleus function

A

Body-weight regulation (appetite), sexual behaviour, insulin regulation

18
Q

Ventromedial nucleus lesion

A

Lesions → hyperphagia

19
Q

Lateral nucleus function

A

Body-weight regulation (appetite)

20
Q

Lateral nucleus lesion

A

Stimulation → increased appetite
Lesions → anorexia

Neurosciences (19 decks)

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