Cranial Fossa & Nerves Flashcards
Middle meningeal artery
Foramen spinosum
Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
Foramen ovale
the small meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery and emissary veins from the cavernous sinus
Foramen lacerum
Spinal cord
Foramen magnum
Cranial nerves IX, X, and XI
Jugular foramen
Where are the foramen spinosum, lacerum and ovale?
Middle fossa
Where are the foramen magnum and jugular foramen?
Posterior fossa
Sensory vs motor component of Pupillary light reflex
S = optic
M = oculomotor
Sensory vs motor component of Accommodation reflex
S = optic
M = oculomotor
Sensory vs motor component of jaw jerk
S = trigeminal
M = trigeminal
Sensory vs motor component of corneal reflex
S = trigeminal
M = facial
Sensory vs motor component of vestibuloocular reflex
S = Vestibulocochlear
M = Oculomotor, trochlear, abducent
Sensory vs motor component of gag reflex
S = Glossopharyngeal
M = vagus
CN 1 Olfactory nerve
Cribiform plate
CN2 optic nerve
optic canal
CN 3 oculomotor nerve, CN4 trochlear nerve and CN 6 abducens
Superior orbital fissure
CN 5 trigeminal nerve
V1: SOF
V2: Foramen rotundum
V3: Foramen ovale
CN 7 facial nerve and CN 8 vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal auditory meatus
CN 9 glossopharyngeal nerve, CN 10 vagus, CN 11 accessory
Jugular foramen
CN 12 hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
Palsy results in
ptosis
‘down and out’ eye
dilated, fixed pupil
CN 3 Oculomotor
Palsy results in defective downward gaze → vertical diplopia
CN 4 Trochlear
Lesions may cause:
trigeminal neuralgia
loss of corneal reflex (afferent)
loss of facial sensation
paralysis of mastication muscles
deviation of jaw to weak side
CN 5 Trigeminal
Palsy results in defective abduction → horizontal diplopia
CN 6 Abducens
Lesions may result in:
flaccid paralysis of upper + lower face
loss of corneal reflex (efferent)
loss of taste
hyperacusis
CN 7 facial
Hearing loss
Vertigo, nystagmus
Acoustic neuromas are Schwann cell tumours of the cochlear nerve
CN 8 vestibulocochlear
Lesions may result in;
hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex
loss of gag reflex (afferent)
CN 9 Glossopharyngeal
Lesions may result in;
uvula deviates away from site of lesion
loss of gag reflex (efferent)
CN 10 vagus
Lesions may result in;
weakness turning head to contralateral side
CN 11 accessory
Tongue deviates towards side of lesion
CN 12 hypoglossal
