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Endocrinology Medicine > Hyperthyroidism > Flashcards

Hyperthyroidism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects of T3/T4 on the CVS system?

A

Increases O2 consumption
Increases CO
Increases contractility
Increases cardiac mass

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2
Q

What is the effect of T3/T4 on the liver?

A

Increases protein synthesis

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3
Q

What is the effect of T3/T4 on the kidney?

A

Increases blood flow

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4
Q

What other effects does T3/T4 have?

A

Increases thermogenesis

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5
Q

What happens to the thyroid on swallowing?

A

Moves

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6
Q

What happens to the thyroid on tongue protrusion?

A

Nothing

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7
Q

What is primary hyperthyroidism?

A

Increased thyroid hormone production by the thyroid

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8
Q

What causes primary hyperthyroidism?

A

Graves disease
Toxic multinodular goitre
Thyroid adenoma
Subacute thyroiditis

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9
Q

What are the 3 features of Graves disease?

A

Graves eye disease
Pretibial myxoedema
Acropachy

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10
Q

What is Graves eye disease?

A

Exopthalmos - appearance of protruding eye
Proctosis - protruding eyes (seen from above)
Lid lag

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11
Q

What is the Von Graefe sign?

A

Lid lag

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12
Q

Why is there exopthalmos?

A

Inflammatory response of the muscles and fat pad behind the eye

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13
Q

What are the risks of Graves eye disease?

A

Corneal abrasion or ulceration

Due to reduced blinking

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14
Q

What is secondary hyperthyroidism?

A

Increased TSH causing increased thyroid hormones

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15
Q

What causes secondary hyperthyroidism?

A

Pituitary tumour
Ectopic thyroid tissue
Exogenous iodine/T3/T4

Amiodarone

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16
Q

What is the pneumonic for hyperthryoidism symptoms?

A

Thyroidism

17
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A 
Tremor
Heart rate increased
Yawning (fatigue)
Restlessness
Oligomenorrhea
Intolerance to heat
Diarrhoea
Insomnia
Sweating 
Muscle wasting / weight loss
18
Q

What is De Quervains thyroiditis?

A

Self limiting swelling of the thyroid caused by a viral infection

19
Q

What is the immediate management of hyperthyroidism?

A

B-blockers

To treat symptoms

20
Q

What is the management of hyperthyroidism?

A

Carbimazole
Radioiodine
Thyroidectomy

21
Q

What is a thyrotoxic storm?

A

Severe hyperthyroidism

22
Q

What are the symptoms of a thyrotoxic storm?

A 
Fever
Agitation 
Confusion 
Tachycardia
Thyroid bruit
23
Q

How do you manage a thyrotoxic storm?

A

IV fluids
Propanolol
Carbimazole
Hydrocortisone

Endocrinology Medicine (22 decks)

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