Hyperaldosteronism Flashcards
Where is aldosterone produced?
Zona glomerulosa
What is the action of aldosterone?
Acts on NaK pump in DCT
Increases BP by retaining Na
What are the symptoms of hyperaldosteronism?
Hypertension
Hypokalaemia
Alkalosis
Why do you get alkalosis?
Loss of K+ by NaK pump
So use H+K+ pump to retain K
Loss of H+
What is primary hyperaldosteronism?
Increased aldosterone not caused by RAAS activation
What can cause primary hyperaldosteronism?
Conn’s syndrome
Adrenal hyperplasia
What is Conn’s syndrome?
Aldosterone producing adenoma
What are the investigations for suspected primary hyperaldosteronism?
Bloods
- FBC
- U+Es
- CRP
- aldosterone
- renin
ECG
Ultrasound adrenals +/- CT
How is primary hyperaldoteronism managed?
Surgery - remove tumour
Sprionolactone
Amiloride
Eplerenone
What is the mechanism of spironolactone?
Aldosterone antagonist
What is the mechanism of amiloride?
Blocks ENaC at DCT
What is the mechanism of eplerenone?
Aldosterone receptor antagonist
What is secondary hyperaldosteronism?
Increased aldosterone due to increased renin
What can cause secondary hyperaldosteronism?
Renal stenosis
Diuretics
CCF
