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Endocrinology Medicine > Adrenal Insufficiency > Flashcards

Adrenal Insufficiency Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the adrenal glands?

A

Zona glomerulosa
Zona fasiculata
Zona reticularis

Medulla

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2
Q

What does the zona glomeruloas produce?

A

Mineralocorticoids

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3
Q

What does the zona fasiculata produce?

A

Glucocorticoids

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4
Q

What does the zona reticularis produce?

A

Androgens

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5
Q

What is primary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Impaired function of the adrenal glands

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6
Q

What can cause primary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Autoimmune - Addisons
Infection - TB
Sarcoidosis
Tumour

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of adrenal insufficiency?

A 
Dizziness
Weight loss
Vomiting + diarrhoea 
Fatigue
Low mood
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8
Q

What are the investigations for suspected adrenal insufficiency?

A

Bloods

  • FBC
  • U+Es
  • CRP
  • cortisol
  • aldosterone

SynACTHen test

Urinalysis

CT adrenals

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9
Q

What time of day should you take cortisol?

A

9am

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10
Q

What is secondary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Adrenal dysfunction due to lack of ACTH

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11
Q

What can cause secondary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Sterpod ise
Injury
Radiation
Sheehan’s syndrome

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12
Q

What is Sheehan’s syndrome?

A

Postpartum pituitary necrosis

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13
Q

How do you manage adrenal insufficiency?

A

Steroids

Acute = IV
Long term = oral

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14
Q

What should steroid users carry?

A

Steroid card

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15
Q

What is the sick day rule?

A

Double the steroid dose when ill

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16
Q

What is Addison’s disease?

A

Primary adrenocortical deficiency - autoimmune

17
Q

What are the symptoms of Addison’s?

A 
Fatigue 
Weakness 
Low mood 
Weight loss
N+V
Bronze hyperpigmentation
18
Q

Why do you get hyperpigmentation?

A

Fall in cortisol levels causes increase in POMC

POMC produces ACTH and αMSH (α-melanocyte stimulating hormone)

Fall in cortisol - causes increase in αMSH so theres bronze pigmentation

Endocrinology Medicine (22 decks)

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