Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 2 > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

What is the number of people who are affected by HTN and aren’t aware?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many people treated for hypertension achieve control?

A

34%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Are those in control of hypertension more at risk than those who are normotensive?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the risk factors of Hypertension?

A

CHD, Heart Failure, Stroke, Renal Failure , Blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

High Diastolic blood pressure is a risk for what?

A

Rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many times should blood pressure be measured with the same cuff?

A

2 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a normal blood pressure?

A

Below 120/80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which is more of a concern a high systolic or a high diastolic?

A

High Diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Prehypertension?

A

120-129/80-89

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Stage 1 Hypertension

A

140-159/90-99

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Stage 2 Hypertension

A

Greater than or equal to 160/ Greater than or equal to 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cause of Primary Hypertension?

A

No Known cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can be the cause of Secondary Hypertension?

A

Neurological disorders, Kidney Disorders, Pregnancy, Steroids, Medication, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the lowest pressure diastolic pressure should be?

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is Diastolic Pressure necessary?

A

It keeps blood vessels open during ventricular relaxation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Stroke Volume?

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heart beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Total Peripheral Resistance?

A

The resistance of the muscular arteries to blood being forced through them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a local factor affecting blood pressure?

A

Resistance to Insulin, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diabetics are typically on what other medications beside Insulin?

A

ACE Inhibitors, Statins possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What factors effect the blood pressure of the elderly?

A

increased Plaque, collagen deposits, impaired vasodilation, decreased elasticity of blood vessels.

21
Q

Should Preload and Afterload be the same or different?

A

Preload and Afterload should be roughly the same

22
Q

How does Primary Hypertension develop?

A

Overstimulation of alpha-, beta-andrenergic receptors
Altered function of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
Other Chemical Mediators
Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia, endothelial funcion

23
Q

What organ is primarily affected by high blood pressure

A

Kidneys

24
Q

What is one of the early signs of HTN?

A

Nocturia

25
Q

If High blood pressure has an identified cause is it Primary or Secondary HTN?

A

Secondary

26
Q

What are identifiable causes of Secondary HTN?

A

Kidney Disease, Endocrine Disorders, Neurological Disorders, Drugs, and Pregnancy

27
Q

In a percentage, how much extra fluid does a woman have during pregnancy?

A

50%

28
Q

What is the Number one effect of Hypertensive emergency?

A

Stroke

29
Q

What is a Hypertensive Emergency?

A

> 180/>120

30
Q

Effects of Hypertensive encephalopathy?

A 
Extremely High BP
Altered LOC
Increased ICP
Papilledema
Seizures
31
Q

What can occur if a Hypertensive emergency is prolonged?

A

Acute renal failure

32
Q

Who Does HTN Primarily affect?

A

Middle-aged, Older Adults

33
Q

List the risk of HTN based on ethnicity

A

African-Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, Alaskan Natives, Whites

34
Q

What are modifiable risk factors of HTN?

A 
High sodium; low potassium, calcium, magnesium
Obesity/Insulin Resistance
Excess Alcohol consumption
Sedentary Lifestyle
Smoking
Stress
35
Q

What are non-modifiable risk factors of HTN?

A

Genetic factors
Family History
Age
Race

36
Q

What are target Organs affected by BP?

A

Heart-Has to work Harder
Brain- Pressure, Stroke Risk
Kidneys- Pressure, Working harder
Retina-Pressure

37
Q

Is an Orthostatic blood pressure measurement necessary?

A

Yes

38
Q

What things should be noted in a Health History?

A

Heart or renal Disease, Headache or neck pain, Diabetes, Current Meds, and Family History

39
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Hypertension

A

Initially elevated BP, Retinal Changes, Renal Insufficiency, Blurry Vision, Elevated BUN and Creatinine

40
Q

What diagnostic tests are utilized with HTN?

A

ECG, Urinalysis, Blood Glucose, Hematocrit, Renin Level, Cholesterol and Triglycerides could be elevated, Serum Potassium, Serum creatinine.

41
Q

What diagnostic tests differentiate secondary from primary intention HTN?

A

Urinalysis, Blood Chemistries, Renal Arteriogram, CT scan or MRI

42
Q

What are some lifestyle modifications necessary for managing HTN?

A

Limiting Sodium intake, losing 10lbs helps control blood pressure, no more than 2 alcoholic drinks per day, physical activity, and stress reduction

43
Q

What is the first med given for HTN?

A

Thiazide Diuretics

44
Q

What other meds can be prescribed alongside Thiazide Diuretics

A

ACE Inhibitors

45
Q

What is the first priority before diuretics are prescribed?

A

Lifestyle modifications

46
Q

When planning weight loss with patient what weight increments should be used?

A

5-10lb weight increments

47
Q

When dealing with elderly Hypertensive patient, what medication consideration is important?

A

MONOTHERAPY, reduce medicinal regimen as much is possible. Elderly have a lot of meds to take. Also some elderly are on fixed incomes and can’t afford all of their meds.

48
Q

Should the patients BP cuff be brought in with them?

A

Yes, sometimes manual cuffs may not be calibrated so it is important to see how far off their cuff is in BP measurement.

Exam 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions