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Exam 2 > Heart Failure > Flashcards

Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

What can be a cause of Heart Failure?

A

Could be talking about fluid overload or inadequate perfusion or both
Heart can’t generate enough output

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2
Q

What is the only cure for heart failure?

A

Heart Transplant

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3
Q

Signs of Pulmonary Edema caused by Heart Failure

A

Loud, gurgling Crackles in Lung Bases

Hemoptysis

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of Left-sided Heart Failure?

A 
Lungs
Tacypnea
Crackles
Low O2 Saturation
Confusion
Fatigue
activity Intolerance
Dizziness
Syncope
Dyspnea
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5
Q

What are the symptoms of Right-sided Heart Failure?

A 
Body
Edema 
Ascites
Jugular Vein Distention
RUQ Pain from blood pooling in Liver
Nocturia
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6
Q

What are selected causes of Heart Failure?

A
  1. Any kind of defect in myocardium

3. Fever-increased metabolism causes fluid to shift and third space

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7
Q

What are Risk Factors for Heart Failure?

A 
Obesity
Chemotherapy-Cardiotoxic Drugs
Diabetes-Blood viscocity changes
Sleep apnea-lack of O2 causes arrhythmias (usually left side)
African American-HTN
Advanced Age-average age is 75 for HF
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8
Q

What are complications of Heart Failure?

A

Muscle wasting due to ascites
Splenomegaly
Hepatomegaly

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9
Q

What is the main goal of care in the patient with Heart Failure?

A

SLOW PROGRESSION

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10
Q

When running diagnostic tests on a patient with HF what indicators should be noted?

A

Hyperthyroidism-can be a cause of HF

Increased Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and BNP indicate that the Heart is working too hard

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11
Q

When assessing a patient with Heart failure what is of interest to the nurse?

A 
Renal Function (I&O)-Need to see how much fluid is being returned
Daily Weight-They can gain 10-12lbs in 24hrs
Restricting Sodium intake
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12
Q

After eating how much time should the patient with HF wait before attempting activity or exercise?

A

2hrs-digestion requires blood and exercise too requires blood and will increase BP putting stress on body.

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13
Q

What supplemental medications should the doctor be especially aware of?

A

Hawthorn
Coenzyme Q10
Magnesium
Thiamine

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14
Q

In end of life care what legal documents should the nurse ask the Chronic HF patient about?

A

Advanced Directive-Chronic HF is terminal

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15
Q

When assessing the HF patient, what physical examination information is important to assess?

A 
Listening at the bases of the lungs
Listening for S3 with the bell
Listen to Cardiac rate, rhythm, peripheral pulses, and S3
Edema 
Ascites
Skin
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16
Q

In educating the patient, what is very important that the patient understand?

A

Medications

S+S’s such as weight and difficulty breathing

17
Q

When monitoring fluid volume what should be done?

A

Measuring abdominal girth is a check for ascites

Daily weights with the same type of clothing and at the same time of day

Exam 2 (13 decks)

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