Antianginals Flashcards
When is Angina mostly felt?
Mostly during Exercion
What are the atheromas?
Fatty tumors in the intima of heart vessels
What is atherosclerosis?
Narrowing of the Heart vessels
What does Angina Pectoris Stand For?
Suffocation of the heart
What is usually the cause of narrowed blood vessels?
Atheromas (blood cells get stuck on thrombus creating bigger thrombus)
What is Stable Angina?
No damage to heart muscle, usually felt in the morning
What is Unstable Angina?
Episodes of ischemia felt at rest
What is Prinzmetal’s Angina?
Caused by spasm of blood vessels, and felt at night which can wake a person with chest pain
What is the action of Antianginal drugs?
Dilates blood vessels to increase blood flow to cardiac tissue
Decrease oxygen demand by decreasing cardiac workload
Considerations for Elderly and Children receiving Antianginals.
Not typically used in Children aside from Heart defects
Elderly started on lowest dose possible
What is the action of Nitroglycerin (nitrate)
Decreases venous return and prevents and treats Angina
Available in slow release to prevent Angina
When is Nitroglycerin contraindicated?
Anemia (Dilating vessels is bad=low Hgb)
Pregnancy=Baby could get too much oxygen
Dangerous drug interactions with Nitroglycerin.
Ergot with Nitro can cause Hypotensive effects
What is the action of Metroprolol (Beta-Blocker)?
Reduce HR
Slow Conduction
Lower BP
Reduce Contractility
What should be assessed before giving Beta-blockers?
HR and BP it can cause Bradycardia
How long do beta-blockers last and when do they peak?
6-19hrs and peak in 60-90min
When conditions require caution when using beta-blockers?
Diabetes-can mask hypoglycemia (reacts with insulin)
Should be started in Hospital so patient response can be seen
What is the action of Diltiazem (Ca Channel Blockers)?
Reduces Cardiac Contractility (slows Ca movement)
Decreases SA node automaticity
Slows HR
Slows AV node conductivity
What type of Angina do Ca Channel Blockers treat?
Prinzmetal’s, it prevents spasming
When is Diltiazem contraindicated?
Sick Sinus Syndrome= SA node isn’t functioning properly
Heart Failure=Slow HR and low contractility can cause blood to pool in vessels
Dangerous Drug interactions with Ca Channel blockers?
Digoxin-can cause digtoxicity
What assessments should you be aware of when a patient is on Ca Channel blockers?
HR and BP-Ca channel blockers can make HR too slow and BP too low
