Hyper 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Type 1 H/S rxns are triggered by IgE-sensitized ___ cells

A

mast

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1
Q

main mediator in type I hyper rxn; occurs in response to an a____

A

IgE; allergen

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2
Q

which interleukin plays a vital role in the conversion to IgE in activated B cells?

A

IL-4; released by T cells. Induces isotype switch (tells B cells to switch) from IgM to IgE

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3
Q

two main proteoglycans found in mast cells:

A

heparin (anti-coagulant) and histamine

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4
Q

stimulation of mast cells: explodes to release h___, but also liberates ___ acid, which results in which two pathways?

A

histamine, arachidonic acid release: produces cyclooxygenase pathway and lipoxygenase pathway

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5
Q

3 main fxns of histamine (and other general stuff released by MCs) [VBC]

A

vasoDILATION, bronchoCONSTRICTION, chemotactic agent

-overall goal of histamine: mediates ITCHING

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6
Q

what does each pathway produce?? ***

A

cyclooxygenase: prostaglandins
lipoxygenase: leukotrienes

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7
Q

name the eosinophil chemotactic factor that is produced in the lipoxygenase pathway. What does it release/do?

A

LTB4; releases histaminase to limit H/S rxn (B/d histamine)

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8
Q

name the two types of mast cells: which produces histamine? Which is more active in producing prostaglandins (rather than leukotrienes)?

A

CT MCs, Mucosal MCs

CT (connective tissue) MCs DO produce histamine and more PG than leukotrienes

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9
Q

SAID drugs inhibit production of ____, while NSAIDs inhibit production of ____

A

SAID: no arachidonic acid (so no COX1 or 2; no prostaglandin pdtn)
NSAIDs: no COX1 specifically; no constitutive pathway (no promotion of platelet activity)

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11
Q

two main mechanisms of mast cell stabilizers:

A
  • prevent IgE crosslinking (block Ca flux)

- inhibit IgE isotype switching

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12
Q

T/F: mucosal mast cells are involved in asthma d/t their histamine release

A

FALSE; mucosal mast cells (as opposed to CT MCs) DO NOT RELEASE HISTAMINE). they ARE involved, however, d/t their release of leukotrienes and tryptases

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