Human Reproduction

Question 1

How do humans reproduce

Answer 1

Sexually (2 parents)

Question 2

Do both parents produce sex cells?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Was is the sex cel a,so known as

Answer 3

Gamete

Question 4

What is the male gamete

Answer 4

Sperm

Question 5

What is the female gamete

Answer 5

Egg

Question 6

What two things join during fertilisation

Answer 6

The sperm nucleus and the egg nucleus

Question 7

What is fertilisation

Answer 7

Fertilisation occurs when a sperm fuses with an egg

Question 8

Where does fertilisation occurs

Answer 8

The Fallopian tube

Question 9

Function of testes

Answer 9

To produce sperm

Question 10

Function of scrotum

Answer 10

To hold the testes outside the body which favours sperm production (temp 2 degrees lower)

Question 11

Sperm duct function

Answer 11

To carry sperm from testes to the penis

Question 12

Prostate gland function

Answer 12

To produce fluid which nourishes the sperm

Fluid + sperm = semen

Question 13

Penis function

Answer 13

To deliver sperm into the woman’s body

Question 14

Ovary function

Answer 14

To produce eggs

Question 15

Fallopian tube function

Answer 15

To carry the egg towards the womb. Fertilisation occurs here

Question 16

Womb (uterus) function

Answer 16

To hold baby during pregnancy

Question 17

Cervix function

Answer 17

The entrance to the womb

Question 18

Vagina function.

Answer 18

To hold the penis during sexual intercourse. To allow childbirth

Question 19

What is menstruation

Answer 19

The shedding of the lining of the uterus (commonly referred to as ‘having a period’)

Question 20

How long does the menstrual cycle last

Answer 20

28 days

Question 21

What happens during days 1-5

Answer 21

Lining of uterus breaking down (menstruation)

Question 22

What happens during days 6-13

Answer 22

Lining of womb develops

Question 23

What happens during day 14

Answer 23

Ovulation

Question 24

What happens during days 15-28

Answer 24

Lining remains in place

Question 25

During what days does menustration occur

Answer 25

1-5

Question 26

During what days does the new lining develop

Answer 26

6-13

Question 27

What happens on day 14

Answer 27

Ovulation

Question 28

What days do the lining remain in place

Answer 28

15-28

Question 29

What is ovulation

Answer 29

The release of an egg from the ovary and occurs around day 14

Question 30

What is reproduction

Answer 30

The production of new individuals

Question 31

When is the fertile period

Answer 31

11-16

Question 32

How long can the sperm and egg each stay alive for

Answer 32

Sperm - up to 3 | Egg - 2

Question 33

What is sexual intercourse

Answer 33

When the erect penis of the male is placed in the vagina of the female

Question 34

WHat does fertilisation result in

Answer 34

a zygote

Question 35

How does a zygote turn into a foetus

Answer 35

A zygote undergoes cell division and develops within the womb into a foetus

Question 36

What is an embryo

Answer 36

A ball of cells made from the many decisions a zygote has gone through

Question 37

What is implantation

Answer 37

When the embryo gets attached to the linings of the uterus within a few days of fertilisation

Question 38

What is the membrane the foetus gets surrounded by

Answer 38

Amnion

Question 39

What liquid fills up the amnion

Answer 39

Amniotic fluid

Question 40

After how many weeks can an embryo get recognised as a human

Answer 40

8

Question 41

How many weeks does pregnancy usually last?

Answer 41

40

Question 42

Explain how the placenta and umbilical cord attach to the baby

Answer 42

The placenta forms early in pregnancy. • The baby’s blood passes through the umbilical cord to and from the placenta. • The umbilical cord attaches to the lining of the uterus. • The umbilical cord attaches to the baby at the belly button.

Question 43

What is the function of the placenta

Answer 43

The placenta’s function is to allow materials to pass between the mother and the baby in the uterus. – Food and oxygen pass from the mother’s blood into the baby’s blood. – Waste products pass from the baby to the mother. – Along with these useful functions the placenta also allows harmful substances pass into the baby.

Question 44

State 5 things that happen during birth

Answer 44

1. Contractions begin (muscles in the uterus contract). 2. ‘Breaking of the waters’ (liquid, or amniotic fluid or fluid escapes). 3. Cervix dilates (widens). 4. The baby is pushed through the cervix (into the vagina) 5. Placenta pushed out after.

Question 45

What is puberty

Answer 45

Puberty is the stage in life during which a person becomes sexually mature

Question 46

Puberty in girls

Answer 46

1. Puberty brings about an increase in size of ovaries and womb 2. Marks the start of the menstrual cycle. 3. Other characteristics include pubic hair, wider hips, growth spurt, breasts grow, ‘spots’.

Question 47

Puberty in boys

Answer 47

1. Puberty brings about an increase in the size of the penis and testes. 2. Marks the start of semen production. 3. Other characteristics include pubic, facial and body hair; growth spurt; deeper voice, increased muscle, ‘spots’.

Question 48

What is contraception

Answer 48

Contraception involves the prevention of a woman getting pregnant.

Question 49

Ways of contraception

Answer 49

1. Natural Methods: Detect day of ovulation and avoid intercourse during fertile period. 2. Artificial Methods: Using a condom or surgery to close off the sperm ducts or fallopian tubes. 3. Preventing Implantation: Taking ‘the pill’ which prevents an egg forming or being released in the ovary.