Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe a base

A

Turn red litmus paper blue
Have a pH above 7.
Many are corrosive and dangerous.
Alkalis are bases that are dissolved in water. An alkali is a base which is solvable in water.
Eg. Toothpaste, bleach, indigestion tablets.
Sodium hydroxide ( NaOH) and calcium carbonate (CaCo3).

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2
Q

What is an indicator

A

A compound that shows, by colour change, whether a substance is acidic or basic.
Eg litmus paper

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3
Q

Acid turns blue litmus

A

Red

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4
Q

Bases or alkalis turn red litmus

A

Blue

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5
Q

Blue to red means

A

Acid is present

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6
Q

Red to blue means

A

Base or alkali is present

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7
Q

Red to red means

A

It’s an acid or neutral

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8
Q

Blue to blue means

A

It’s a base or an alkali or neutral

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9
Q

What is the pH scale

A

A scale ranging from 0-14 which indicates the acidity or basicity of a solution

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10
Q

Alkaline on a pH scale

A

Greater than 7

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11
Q

Acid on ph scale

A

Less than 7

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12
Q

Neutral on pH scale

A

7

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13
Q

What is neutralisation

A

When the properties of an acid are counteracted or neutralised by a base; this type of reaction is called a neutralisation reaction.
The produce water and salt.
Both water and salt are neutral.

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14
Q

Formula for neutralisation (general)

A

Acid + base = salt + water

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15
Q

Neutralisation example word formula

A

Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = sodium chloride + water

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16
Q

Neutralisation example chemical formula

A

HCL + NaOH = NaCl + H2O

17
Q

Neutralisation with carbonates (also bases) example word formula

A

Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate = calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water

18
Q

Neutralisation with carbonates (also bases) example chemical formula

A

2HCl + CaCo3 = CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

19
Q

What is a titration

A

Titration is a method of finding out the exact amount of acid needs to just neutralise a certain volume of base.

20
Q

Reaction of acids with metals word formula

A

Zinc + Hydrochloric acid = zinc chloride + hydrogen

21
Q

Reaction of acids with metals example chemical formula

A

Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl2 + H2

22
Q

Describe an acid

A

Have a sour taste.
Turn blue litmus paper red.
Have a pH less than 7.
Eg. Lemon juice (citric acid), rain water (carbonic acid), vinegar.
Hydrochloric acid (HCL) and Sulfuric acid (H2SO4).