Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Human Excretion > Flashcards

Human Excretion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is excretion ?

A

The removal of metabolic waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the Kidney do?

A
  • Balances the amount of water in your body - osmoregulation
  • Filters urea
  • Removes excess water, salts and urea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

As the blood is filtered at high pressure…..

A

The kidney selectively reabsorbs any useful materials (glucose, salt ions and water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the kidney produce ?

A

Urine

Which contains water, urea and salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is urea produced?

A

Urea is produced in the liver when excess amino acids are broken down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the excretory organs?

A

Lungs, kidneys and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Excess CO2 is removed through the…..

A

Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Excess urea, water and salts are removed by….

A

The kidneys and leave the body as urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Excess water and salts leave the body through….

A

Skin through sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do the kidneys regulate the osmotic pressure

A

Extensive filtration and purification - osmoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kidneys remove the the blood….

A

The nitrogenous wastes and then excrete them in the form of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the filtrate blood carried away from the kidneys

A

By the renal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the urinary system consist of?

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does the urinary system work?

A

1) kidneys filter blood to remove unwanted substances
2) ureters move urine from kidneys to bladder
3) bladder is a reservoir for urine
4) urine excreted through urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What a nephron responsible for?

A

Cleaning the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In a nephron at the start is blood at high or low pressure?

A

High

17
Q

How does the structure of the blood vessels entering and leaving the glomerulus help to move glucose into the Bowman’s capsule?

A

The after went arteriolar is significantly wider than the efferent arteriole
Pressure increase in the Bowman’s capsule

18
Q

What type of blood vessels are found in the glomerulus

A

Capillaries

19
Q

What does high pressure help

A

The ultrafiltration of the blood

20
Q

What does small molecules do in a nephron?

A

They are filtered out and pass into the nephron

21
Q

What do large molecules do in the nephron

A

They are too big to fit through the capillary wall, remain in blood

22
Q

What molecules are selectively reabsorbed into the bloodstream?

A

All glucose originally filtered out
Water required to maintain a constant water level
Ions

23
Q

What happens to the molecules which are not selectively reabsorbed ?

A

They continue along the nephron tubule as urine

24
Q

What happens in the loop of Henle?

A

More water, sodium ions out (by diffusion and AT)

25
Q

Why does selective reabsorbtion occur?

A

Because during ultrafiltration, important components of the blood is filtered out and need to be reabsorbed into the body

26
Q

Where does selective reabsorption occur?

A

In the proximal convoluted tubule (extends from Bowman’s capsule)

27
Q

How is the proximal convoluted tubule adapted for selective reabsorption?

A

Has a microvilli cell lining to increase surface area
One cell thick
Mitochondria

28
Q

What is ultrafiltration ?

A

The filtration of particles / molecules based on their size and under pressure

29
Q

What is the name of the target cells that line the collecting duct?

A

Epithelial cells

30
Q

What happens when receptor molecules bind to the ADH

A

It triggers proteins in the cell membrane to form pores that allow water to move freely out of the collecting duct by osmosis
Increase water reabsorption
Decrease blood concentration

31
Q

What does ADH do?

A

Tells your kidneys how much water to conserve

32
Q

Explain the role of ADH in regulating the water content of the blood

A

1) hypothalamus detects solute concentration of blood
2) if water concentration is low, pituitary gland secreted ADH
3) ADH travels in plasma of blood
4) Makes collecting ducts more permeable today water ( allows more water to be reabsorbed back into blood during selective reabsorption)

33
Q

What does FSH help with

A

Pubertal development

Function of women’s ovaries and mend testes

34
Q

What does the ride of LH trigger

A

Ovulation

Biology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions