HUMAN BODY Flashcards
study of the structure and shape of body
Anatomy
study of the function of the body
Physiology
Anatomical Position
standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at side, palms facing forward thumbs out
supine
prone
back
belly
building blocks of matter
atom
external covering of body (system)
integumentary
ex of integumentary
skin, hair & fingernails
sites where blood cells are formed
cavities of skeleton
forms muscular system
skeletal muscles
ex of nervous system
brain, spinal chord, nerves and sensory receptors
detect changes in temperature, pressure/light
sensory receptors
electrical signals that sends messages
nerve impulses
body effectors
muscles or glands
controls body activities (system)
endocrine system
endocrine glands produce
hormones
ex of endocrine glands
pituitary, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, testes
controls growth, reproduction & use of nutrients by cells
hormones
primary organs of cardiovascular system
heart and blood vessels
using blood as a carrier it delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones (system)
Cardiovascular system
propels blood out its chambers into blood vessels for all body tissues
heart
organs of lymphatic system
lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen & tonsils.
when fluid is leaked into tissues from blood, ____ return it to the blood stream
lymphatic vessels
cleanse blood and house white blood cells
lymph nodes
organs of respiratory system
nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi & lungs
organs of digestive
oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small & large int, rectum, liver & pancreas
absorb nutrients & reabsorb water (system)
Digestive system
waste containing nitrogen EXAMPLES:
urea & uric acid
removes nitrogen-containing wastes
urinary system
organs of urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder & urethra
maintains body’s water and salt balance, regulating the acid base balance of the blood (system)
Urinary system
organs of reproductive system
scrotum, penis, uterus, vagina
breaking down complex substances into building blocks
metabolism
sense stimulus in the environment
responsiveness
metabolism is regulated by hormones by the glands of (system)
endocrine system
removal of wastes
Excretion
released by endocrine system that directs growth
hormones
contains chemicals used for energy and cell building
Nutrients
major energy providing fuel for body cells
Carbohydrates
required for chemical reactions that go in cells and for oxygen transport in blood
Vitamins and Minerals
Water accounts ___% of bodyweight
60-80
most abundant chemical substance
water
provides fluid base for excretion and secretions
water
if body temp is low metabolic reactions are___
slow
if body temp is high chemical reactions are ____
fast
force ; weight of air
atmospheric pressure
high altitudes means __ atmospheric pressure
lower
toward midline
away from midline
Medial
Lateral
between medial and lateral
Intermediate
Farther from origin
Closer to origin
Distal
Proximal
Body surface
away body surface ;internal
Superficial
Deep
Synonymous :
Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior
cranial
caudal
ventral
dorsal
dorsal body cavity: parts
cranial cavity;spinal cavity
ventral body cavity: parts
thoracic cavity
diaphragm
Mediastinum
abdominopelvic
pelvic cavity
maintaining internal conditions
homeostasis
component that analyzes information
control center
provides means of control center response
effector
examples of positive feedback
birth of baby
blood clotting
My toes are _________________ to my femur
distal
Which of the following are required for active transport?
carriers and atp
My lungs are ______________ to my small intestine.
superior
requires in survival body needs for the release of energy.
Oxygen
The buttocks area is also called as
gluteal
Region of the abdomen where lies the spleen
left hypochondriac
chemical reactions occur within the body
Metabolism
explain where one body structure is in relation with another
Directional Terminology
Interpreting stimuli from the external environment is the function of which system?
Nervous
Back area from the ribs to the hips
Lumbar
Anterior aspect of the elbow is called
cubital
What percentage of our atmosphere is oxygen?
20%
Lysosomes come closest to being a
garbage disposal
Specific quadrant where this organ located
gall bladder
right upper quadrant
not a method of passing materials through a cell membrane?
hydrolysis
