HUBS LT 12 Flashcards
Leukopenia
A condition where there is a reduction in WBCs in the blood
what are some causative factors of leukopenia?
- Autoimmune disease or immune deficiencies
-certain infections
-radiation
Leukocytosis
A condition by an increase in WBCs in the blood
Causative factors of leukocytosis
-infections
-pregnancy
-surgery
acute leukemia
there is a rapid proliferation (growth) of identical blast cells (immature blood cells)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
where the body produces too many immature WBCs called lymphoblasts.
Lymphoid stem lineage (LT answer)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
the body produces too many abnormal blast cells (immature blood cells), which intereferes with the bone marrow’s ability to function properly.
Myeloid stem cell lineage - branch of hematopoiesis (blood cell formation) that produces all the cell involved in the innate immune system and blood clotting
Chronic Leukemia
There is slower proliferation (growth) of more differentiated cells in the lineage (development history of a cell), but the cells do not achieve full maturity.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
A slow growing cancer that affects the WBCs called B-lymphocytes. Lymphocyte cell lineage - the development of WBCs called lymphocytes, which are a crucial part of the immune system
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
Type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood. Myeloid cell lineage - branch of hematopoietic system (blood cell formation) that produces various blood cells and immune cells involved in innate immunity and tissue repair
leukemia
A group of cancers of white blood cells. It is related to excessive proliferation of a particular hematopoietic cells (development of all mature blood cell types)
Acute Leukemia
develops rapidly with the highly proliferative blast cells taking up space in the bone marrow and preventing the normal development of all types of blood cells, resulting in cytopenia.
symptoms of acute leukemia
-fatigue
-easier bleeding
-increased infection
treatment of acute leukemia
-chemotherapy
-biological therapy
-bone marrow transplant
chronic leukemia
Type of cancer that develops slowly and affects white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes
symptoms of chronic leukemia
-fatigue
-easier bleeding
-more infections
treatment of chronic leukemia
- biological therapy
chemotherapy
bone marrow transplant
non-hodkin lymphoma
the tumour cells readily spread to other lymphoid tissues and organs, which ay be sporadic (occassional)
risk factors of non-hodgkin lymphoma
family history, certain toxins, irradiation
hodgkin lymphoma
A type of cancer of the lymphatic system that it starts in lymphocytes
risk factor of hodgkin lymphoma
previous infections with epstein- barr virus, HIV infection
differences between hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma:
-presence of Reed-sternberg (RS) cells
-Spreads in a more continuous pattern
treatment of lymphoma
-chemotherapy
-radiation
lymphoma
neoplasms (tumours) that develop from lymphocytes (type of WBC) within the lymphatic system
symptoms of lymphoma
-fatigue
-B symptoms (unexplained fever, drenching night sweat, weightloss)
-pruritis (itching)
myeloma
A cancer that develops from plasma cells in the bone marrow
symptoms of myeloma
-fatigue
-increased risk of infections
-bone pain
treatment of myeloma
-chemotherapy
-stem cell trasnplant
-steriods
B symptoms associated with lymphoma
-Night sweats
-Fever
-Weight loss
Which condition is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells?
Hodgkin lymphoma
What specific type of cell becomes malignant in myeloma?
Plasma B cells
Signs/symptoms used in the diagnosis of myeloma?
-Anemia
-hypercalcemia
-renal failure
