HRP Flashcards
What is found in hyaline cartilage?
Chondrocytes in lacunae with matrix
Recognise the histology of trabecular bone.
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Can see yellow bone marrow adipose tissue, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes
Recognise compact bone.
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Has osteons, Harversian canals in centre, osteocytes with cannaliculi and Volkman’s canals connecting osteons
Recognise epiphyseal growth plate.
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Recognise skeletal muscle.
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Recognise cardiac muscle.
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Has intercalated discs with gab junctions and cross striations
Recognise smooth muscle.
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No striations
Centrally situated cigar shaped nuclei
Recognise nerve.
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Schwann cell, myelin sheath, axon, node of ranvier
Recognise cross-sectional image of nerve with epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium.
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Recognise lymph nodes.
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Lymph node follicle, trabecula, cortex, deep cortex
What type of tissue is found in the respiratory tract?
Elastin (CT)
Smooth muscle
Hyaline cartilage
What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory tract?
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia and goblet cells
What epithelium is found in the bronchioles?
Simple columnar or cuboidal with no goblet cells and some smooth muscle
Recognise the trachea.
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Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with glands
Recognise the bronchus.
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Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with glands
Recognise the bronchioles.
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Simple cuboidal epithelium
Recognise terminal bronchioles.
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Simple cuboidal epithelium
Recognise alveoli.
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Simple squamous epithelium
What type of epithelium is found in the endocardium and epicardium?
Simple squamous
What is present in a muscular artery but not in an elastic artery?
IEL and OEL
What is present in a greater abundance in elastic arteries?
Elastin rich collagen
What is the difference between an artery and a vein?
Artery = thick and smooth muscle wall with smaller lumen Vein = thinner with less smooth muscle and wide lumen
What are the main histological features of the pancreas?
Islets of langerhans
Pure serous acini
Small lobules surrounded by connective tissue septa.
What is the name of the parenchyma in the spleen?
Pulp (white surrounded by red)
What type of gland and what colour would the parotid be in staining?
Serous = dark
What type of gland and what colour would the submandibular be in staining?
Mixed = pale and dark
What type of gland and what colour would the sublingual be in staining?
Mucous = pale
What colour is the posterior pituitary?
Pale
What cell types are found in the anterior pituitary?
Acidophilic
Basophilic
Chromophobic
What colour are acidophilic cells under H&E staining?
Pink
What colour are basophilic cells under H&E staining?
Purple
What colour are basophilic cells under H&E staining?
Pale
What epithelium surrounds thyroid follicles?
Simple cuboidal epithelium
What are the two main cells seen in parathyroid glands?
Chief cells and oxyphil cells
Name the layers of the cortex of the adrenal gland.
Zona glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis
What are characteristic features seen on histology of the pancreas?
Endocrine part = Islets of Langerhans = light staining
Exocrine part = pancreatic acini and duct
What cells are found in the islets of langerhans?
alpha, beta and delta
What glands are found in the eyelids?
Mebonium glands
What type of epithelium is found on the cornea?
Stratified squamous non-keratinised
Why is cornea transparent?
Regular collagen
No blood vessels
How are proximal and distal convoluted tubules distinguished?
Proximal = “fuzzy” from presence of villi
What type of endothelium is found in the bladder?
Transitional
Why is transitional epithelium useful in the bladder?
No leakage since tight junctions
Can stretch readily to accommodate volume fluctuations
What type of epithelium lines the ureters?
Transitional
How are benign tumours differentiated?
Well differentiated
What part of the uriniferous tubule are found in the kidney cortex?
Glomeruli, PCT and DCT
What parts of the uriniferous tubule are found in the kidney medulla?
Loop of Henle, Collecting Duct
On a histological image, you cannot see any glomeruli so where in the kidney must you be?
Medulla
What type of epithelium is found in the parietal layer of the Bowman’s capsule?
Simple squamous
What type of epithelium is found in the distal and proximal convoluted tubules?
Simple cuboidal
What is present at the entrance of the Bowman’s capsule?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus
What type of epithelium is found in the oropharynx?
Stratified non-keratinised squamous
What epithelium is found in the first 1/3 of the nose?
Stratified squamous
What epithelium is found in the posterior 2/3 of the nose?
Pseudostratified columnar with cilia
What epithelium is found in the external ear?
Stratified keratinised
What epithelium is found in the inner ear?
Respiratory ciliated columnar epithelium
What kind of epithelium is found in the kidney?
Cuboidal
What kind of epithelium is found at the loop of Henle?
Squamous
