How do we get rid of toxic wastes? - Compendium 7

Question 1

What are the main organs of the urinary system?

Answer 1

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 2

Which of the organs produce urine and which transports urine?

Answer 2

Kidneys produce urine

Ureters and urethra transport urine and bladder stores urine

Question 3

What are the internal structures of the kidney?

Answer 3

Cortex
-Renal column

Medulla
-Renal pyramids

Hilum

Calyx

• Minor calyx
• Major calyx
• Renal pelvis

Question 4

What is a nephron and what are its parts?

Answer 4

A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney

Its parts are:

• Renal corpuscle
• Proximal convoluted tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Distal convoluted tubule

Question 5

How does each part of the nephron contribute to urine formation and excretion of wastes?

Answer 5

Renal corpuscle
-Filtration of blood

Proximal convoluted tubule
-Active reabsorption of nutrients. Sodium, potassium, chloride

Loop of Henle
-Osmosis and diffusion of water and other nutrients

Distal convoluted tubule
-Active reabsorption

Question 6

What do we reabsorb from urine during its production?

Answer 6

We reabsorb sodium, potassium, chloride and water mostly.

Question 7

What do we secrete into urine as its being produced?

Answer 7

Ammonia by diffusion

Hydrogen, potassium and penicillin by active transport

Question 8

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