Hormones Part 2

Question 1

EPO

Answer 1

Produced in the Kidney, Upregulates RBC production and targets bone marrow

Question 2

Vit B

Answer 2

Produced in the Kidney, Upregulates Ca+ levels and effects bones, urine, and digestive system

Question 3

GHRH -> GH

Answer 3

Second Order Feedback

Question 4

TRH -> TSH -> T3/T4

Answer 4

Third Order Feedback

Question 5

Infundibulum

Answer 5

Connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Question 6

Posterior Pituitary Gland

Answer 6

ADH/Oxytocin

Question 7

Positive Feedback Loop

Answer 7

Oxytocin, Prolactin

Question 8

Pars Distalis

Answer 8

Anterior Pituitary

Question 9

Pars Nervosa

Answer 9

Posterior Pituitary

Question 10

Pars Intermedia

Answer 10

Melanocyte

Question 11

Tropic Effects Only (Gland)

Answer 11

FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH

Question 12

Non-tropic Effects Only (Organ)

Answer 12

Prolactin, MSH

Question 13

Tropic and Non-tropic Effects

Answer 13

GH

Question 14

FSH/LH Target

Answer 14

Testes/Ovaries

Question 15

TSH Target

Answer 15

Thyroid

Question 16

ACTH Target

Answer 16

Adrenal Cortex

Question 17

Prolactin Target

Answer 17

Mammary Glands

Question 18

MSH Target

Answer 18

Melanocytes

Question 19

GH Target

Answer 19

Liver, bones, other tissues

Question 20

Stress

Answer 20

Upregulates ACTH/Cortisol

Question 21

Phase 1: Alarm

Answer 21

Sweat, Increase Heart Rate and Breathing

Question 22

Phase 2: Resistance

Answer 22

Mobilized energy, health problems (muscle atrophy)

Question 23

Phase 3: Exhaustion

Answer 23

Liver reserves empty, organ failure, collapse of vitals, no electrolyte balance

Question 24

Sympathetic

Answer 24

Fight/Flight

Question 25

Parasympathetic

Answer 25

Rest/Digest

Question 26

Short-term stress response

Answer 26

Increased BP/breathing/metabolic rate, increased alertness, decreased digestive

Question 27

Long-term stress response

Answer 27

Increased BP, Sodium retention, Immune suppression, protein and fats broken down

Question 28

Glucocorticoids

Answer 28

Sugar derived, corticosterone, cortisol

Question 29

HPA

Answer 29

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, 3rd Order

Question 30

Midsagittal View

Answer 30

Separates into two mirror images, midline

Question 31

Coronal Cut

Answer 31

Front Plane

Question 32

Dorsal

Answer 32

Back

Question 33

Anterior

Answer 33

Head

Question 34

Ventral

Answer 34

Front

Question 35

Superficial

Answer 35

Closer to outside

Question 36

Deep

Answer 36

Closer to inside

Question 37

Posterior

Answer 37

Tail

Question 38

Distal

Answer 38

Further Appendage

Question 39

Proximal

Answer 39

Closer Appendage

Question 40

Inferior View

Answer 40

Bottom

Question 41

Superior View

Answer 41

Top

Question 42

Mammillary Bodies

Answer 42

Motivation, Emotion, Learning, and Memory

Question 43

Thalamus

Answer 43

Gateway to the brain determines what sensory information goes to cortex

Question 44

Epithalamus

Answer 44

Dark region with pineal gland which secretes melatonin

Question 45

Thyroid

Answer 45

2 lobbed gland with follicular and parafollicular cells

Question 46

Follicular Cells

Answer 46

Make thyroid hormone T3.T4 (Metabolic), Iodide

Question 47

Parafollicular Cells

Answer 47

Make calcitonin, decrease blood calcium levels (C cells)

Question 48

Adrenal Cortex

Answer 48

G (Aldosterone), F (Cortisol), R (Androgen)

Question 49

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 49

Norepinephrine, Epinephrine

Question 50

Vasomotion

Answer 50

Vasodilation (Heart, Respiratory, Skeletal Muscle)

Question 51

Retroperitoneal

Answer 51

Kidneys are behind the abdominal cavity

Question 52

Pancreas Islets

Answer 52

Alpha (glucagon), Beta (insulin), Delta (somatostatin)

Question 53

Acinar Cells (Pancreas)

Answer 53

Make alkaline juice to neutralize stomach acid, make digestive enzymes to digest lipids, carbs, and proteins