Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology and Anatomy > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Bulk Flow

A

Increased local pressure in one area of the circulatory system drives flow from the area of high pressure to any adjacent areas of lower pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

One-way valves

A

Ensure that flow is unidirectional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diffusion

A

Helpful for small/shorter distances, time increases exponentially with distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Contractile Chamber

A

Increase blood pressure in a closed chamber through contractions of their muscular walls and one-way valves (i.e. human heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

External Pump

A

Skeletal muscles can act as pumps, contracting and expanding blood vessels, forcing fluid along the vessel (i.e. venus system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Peristaltic Contraction

A

Uses waves of rhythmic contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Closed Circulatory System

A

Organs separate from the circulatory, faster metabolism (i.e. Vertebrata)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Open Circulatory System

A

Organs bathed in blood (hemolymph), i.e. mollusca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Plasmatocytes

A

Small cells that use phagocytosis to engulf foreign invaders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lamellocytes

A

Large cells produced in response to parasitic infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Crystal Cells

A

Contain enzymes that they use to lyse foreign invaders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hemocytes

A

Erythrocytes or Lymphocytes (in humans), Plasmocytes, Lamellocytes, or Crystal Cells (in insects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Involved in adaptive or specific immunity, T cells, B cells,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Monocytes/Macrophages

A

Engulf and destroy invading particles using enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Involved in blood clotting, small cell fragments called platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cite of Blood Cell Production

A

Bone Marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Production of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is red bone marrow red?

A

It contains hemoglobin; active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why is yellow bone marrow yellow?

A

It contains adipose cells; inactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Site of EPO Production

A

Kidney

22
Q

Influence of EPO

A

RBCs

23
Q

Site of Thrombopoietin Production

A

Liver

24
Q

CSFs

A

Colony-stimulating factors regulate leukopoiesis

25
Q

Leukopoiesis

A

Production of white blood cells

26
Q

TPO (Thrombopoietin)

A

Regulates platelet production

27
Q

Erythropoiesis

A

Production of RBCs

28
Q

Blood Components

A

55% Plasma (90% water), 45% Cellular (44% RBCs)

29
Q

RBCs

A

Biconcave disks, allow for stacking, fit in narrow capillaries, cytoskeleton maintains shape

30
Q

Hemoglobin Synthesis

A

Four globin molecules, four heme groups

31
Q

Heme

A

Porphyrin ring with an iron at its center

32
Q

Transferring

A

Transports iron in the blood

33
Q

Ferritin

A

Stores excess iron in the liver

34
Q

Bilirubin

A

Remnants of heme groups excreted as bile (“red bile”)

35
Q

Jaundice

A

Elevated levels of bilirubin

36
Q

Anemia

A

Hemoglobin content is too low

37
Q

3 Layers of Vascular Wall

A

Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa (not found in arteriole, venules, and capillaries)

38
Q

Tunica Intima

A

Endothelium, basal lamina, subendothelial layer (internal elastic membrane)

39
Q

Tunica Media

A

Vascular smooth muscle, external elastic membrane

40
Q

Tunica Externa

A

Connective Tissue

41
Q

Poiseuille Equation

A

More viscosity, longer tubes, narrower tubes = more resistance

42
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation (80)

43
Q

Systole

A

Contraction (120)

44
Q

Continuous Capillary

A

Endothelial cells are connected via tight junctions (most tissues)

45
Q

Fenestrated Capillary

A

Endothelial cells have many oval pores that allow the regulated movement of solutes (PG)

46
Q

Sinusoidal Capillary

A

Endothelial cells are loosely linked and large molecules can move between the cells (Liver)

47
Q

Cardiac Output (CO)

A

HR x SV

48
Q

Stroke Volume (SV)

A

EDV - ESV

49
Q

Heart Rate (HR)

A

Bainbridge reflex, autonomic innervation, hormones

50
Q

End-Diastolic Volume (EDV)

A

Preload (Filling time, venous return)

51
Q

End-Systolic Volume (ESV)

A

Contractility (Autonomic Innervation, Hormones), Afterload

Physiology and Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions