Hormonal control of Reproduction Flashcards
Place where fertilisation occurs
oviduct
Cell formed when ovum is fertilised by a sperm in the oviduct
zygote
Name the 2 hormones involved in the onset of puberty in males
Follicle-stimulating Hormone
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone
Name the 2 Hormones involved in the onset of puberty in females
Follicle stimulating Hormone
Lutenising Hormone
Which organ produces the hormones that trigger the onset of puberty
pituitary gland
Name the organ that produces the hormone which stimulates the pituitary gland
hypothalamus
State the site of production of FSH in males and the target tissue
pituitary gland
seminiferous tubules in testes
state the function of FSH in males
promotes sperm production in seminiferous tubules
State the site of production for ICSH in males and the target tissue
pituitary gland
the interstitial cells in testes
State the function of ICSH in males
stimulates the production of testosterone by interstitial cells
State the site of production of testosterone in males and the target tissue
interstitial cells
seminiferous tubules
prostate gland
seminal vesicles
State the function of testosterone in males
stimulates sperm production and activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles which produces the liquid that maintains the sperm
Describe the negative feedback mechanism brought about by rising testosterone levels
decreases levels of testosterone being produced
In females, how long does the menstrual cycle usually last?
28 days
What occurs on day 1 of the menstrual cycle
the follicular phase
- development of follicle
what is menstruation
the shedding of the endometrium lining of the uterus
name the 2 stages of the menstrual cycle
follicular phase
luteal phase
State the site of production and target tissue of FSH in females
pituitary gland
follicles within the ovary
State the function of FSH in females
stimulate the development of the follicle
- stimulates it to release oestrogen
State the site of production and target tissue of oestrogen in females
follicle within ovary
endometrium of uterus
cervix
pituitary gland
State the function of oestrogen in females
stimulates rapid growth of the endometrium layer of uterus
Thins cervical mucus
What happens when oestrogen levels peak in the body
Peak of oestrogen triggers surge in LH
During which day of the cycle does ovulation usually occur
14
What happensto the follicle in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
follicle stays in ovary and develops into a corpus luteum which secretes progesterone
State the site of production and target tissue of progesterone in females
corpus luteum within ovary
Endometrium of uterus
State the function of progesterone in females
promotes further development and vascularisation
what is vascularisation
development of blood vessels
Why is vascularisation important
it prepares endometrium for implantation if fertilisation occurs
Name ovarian hormones
oestrogen
progesterone
Name pituitary gland hormones
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteal hormone
What happens when the corpus luteum degenerates
progesterone drops
menstruation
next cycle
Describe the effect of fertilisation on the corpus luteum
LH remains
corpus luteum maintained
progesterone stays high
endometrium maintained
