Hoorcollege 13 (niet klaar) Flashcards

1
Q

eiwitten worden verteerd tot….

A

aminozuren, di- en tripeptides

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1
Q

suikers worden verteerd tot….

A

monosacharides

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2
Q

vetten worden verteerd tot….

A

vetzuren, monoacylglycerol

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3
Q

kenmerk koolhydraat

A

aan elke C zit een OH-groep

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4
Q

Koolhydraat vertering stap 1

A

amylase knipt 1,4-alfa-bindingen (geen uiteinden) en vormt zo grotere brokken

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5
Q

Koolhydraat vertering stap 2

A

enzymen op brush border knippen tot kleinere stukken voor directe opname

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6
Q

brush border enzymen

A

lactase, dextrinase, maltase, sucrase

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7
Q

mechanisme opname van suikers

A

actief transport over membraan
secundair actief transport via SGLT-1 transporter

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7
Q

Eiwit vertering stap 1

A

denaturatie van eiwitten in de maag door lage pH

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8
Q

Eiwit vertering stap 2

A

pepsinogeen wordt actief tot pepsine, pepsine knipt de gedenatureerde eiwitten om de denaturatie irreversibel te maken

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9
Q

Eiwit vertering stap 3

A

in het duodenum en jejenum knippen endoproteases ze ketens tot polypeptides

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10
Q

endoproteases

A

trypsine, chymotrypsine, elastase

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11
Q

eiwit vertering stap 4

A

exoproteases knippen polypeptides tot aminozuren, di en tripeptiden

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12
Q

exoproteases

A

carboxypeptidase (pancreas)
aminopeptidase (brushborder)

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13
Q

Vet vertering stap 1

A

pancreas lipase knipt TAG tot 2 vetzuren en 1 monoacylglycerol in de maag

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14
Q

Vet vertering stap 2

A

galzouten emulgator breekt hydrofobe kracht en ‘mengt’ water en vet

15
Q

Vet vertering stap 3

A

galzouten vormen micellen voor efficiënte vetzuurabsorptie door darmcellen

16
Q

mechanismen bescherming auto-digestie (4)

A

glycocalyx en slijm bescherming
pepsine zelf activatie in de maag
enterokinase activeert trypsine, trypsine activeert de andere enzymen
snelle vervanging van cellen (ongv. 3 dagen)

17
Q

adaptatie in de neonaat (3)

A

lactose
rennine
maag/tong lipase

18
Q

functie rennine

A

melk stremmer, breekt caseïne af, waardoor melk klontert en langer in de maag is

19
Q

maag en tong lipase neonaat

A

breekt vet al af in de maag –> betere vetvertering