HONORS EVOLUTION BIO QUIZ

Question 1

Who was Charles Darwin?

Answer 1

Naturalist/Biologist who took a five-year voyage around the world and specifically studied common ancestors and natural selection.

Question 2

What did Charles Darwin do?

Answer 2

On his voyage, he studied animals and collected flora and fauna.

Question 3

Where did Charles Darwin go?

Answer 3

All around the world: South America, Europe, Africa, Australia

Question 4

What animals did Charles Darwin study?

Answer 4

Many species (e.g. flying squirrels vs. sugar gliders) but mainly finches because he could easily study them and found that their beak sizes are based on what they eat.

Question 5

Why did Charles Darwin study animals?

Answer 5

No two individuals in a population look exactly alike and natural selection is more obvious in animals.

Question 6

What is Charles Darwin’s theory?

Answer 6

natural selection

Question 7

What does it mean for different species to have a common ancestor?

Answer 7

The idea that organisms change over time and introduce new traits but come from a common form.

Question 8

How do common ancestors affect new species?

Answer 8

The ancestor can create many different species

Question 9

What is natural selection?

Answer 9

“Survival of the fittest” – The idea that the individuals in a species with the best traits (color, pattern, etc.) survive.

Question 10

What are the 4 principles of natural selection?

Answer 10

Variation, Heritability, Overproduction and Reproductive advantage

Question 11

What are the types of natural selection?

Answer 11

Directional, Disruptive, Stabilizing

Question 12

What is an example of directional selection?

Answer 12

Giraffes’ long necks (giraffes only have long necks – there are no short or medium necked giraffes)

Question 13

What is an example of disruptive selection?

Answer 13

Birth weight (If you weigh too much or too little there is a reduced chance of survival)

Question 14

What is directional selection?

Answer 14

A trait that is seen as more valuable (Taller) that is shared by the entire population.

Question 15

What is disruptive selection?

Answer 15

Two unique traits that all members of the species only have one of.

Question 16

What is stabilizing selection?

Answer 16

One (“medium”) trait shared by an entire population.

Question 17

What is artificial selection?

Answer 17

When every organism in a population mates with the organism that has the best traits according to them (e.g. blue eyes, brown hair), not who is the fittest.

Question 18

What is an example of artificial selection?

Answer 18

Humans choose mates based on their looks.

Question 19

What is another term for artificial selection?

Answer 19

“selective breeding”

Question 20

What is “fitness”?

Answer 20

The ability to survive and reproduce based on your traits.

Question 21

How does fitness relate to evolution?

Answer 21

Organisms in a population will most likely mate with those who have the best “fitness” therefore only passing on those traits and evolving.

Question 22

What are the 6 pieces of evidence of evolution?

Answer 22

Fossils, Anatomy, Embryology, Biochemistry, Geographic Distribution, Adaptations

Question 23

What are adaptations?

Answer 23

A variation that increases and organisms chance of survival

Question 24

What is one example of an adaptation?

Answer 24

Mimicry (allows one species to look like another species [butterfly pattern: animals won’t eat monarchs because they are poisonous

Question 25

What is an allele frequency?

Answer 25

How common an allele is in a population.

Question 26

State the formula for calculating the frequency of an allele.

Answer 26

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Question 27

What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Answer 27

The Hardy-Weinberg states that when allelic frequencies are constant, the outcome is “genetic equilibrium” (which is not possible)

Question 28

What does “p” stand for when calculating allele frequency?

Answer 28

Homzygous dominant traits

Question 29

What does “q” stand for when calculating allele frequency

Answer 29

Homozygous recessive traits

Question 30

What are the 5 conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Answer 30

Large population, stationary organisms, random mating, no mutations, No natural selection

Question 31

What is speciation?

Answer 31

A physical/non-physical barrier between organisms of the same species that cause them to become different. (physical: River/mountain, non-physical: fly eating green/red apple)

Question 32

What is Punctuated Equilibrium?

Answer 32

The idea the speciation is why we see evolution (there is no change for a long time, then there is change and we notice)