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physiology > Homeostasis > Flashcards

Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

the study of function

A

physiology

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2
Q

ability to focus at many levels (from systemic to cellular and molecular)

basic physical principles (e.g., electrical currents, pressure, and movement)

basic chemical principles

A

essential tools for the study of physiology

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3
Q

atoms and molecules (Levels of Structural Organization)

A

chemical

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4
Q

cells and their organelles (Levels of Structural Organization)

A

cellular

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5
Q

groups of similar cells (Levels of Structural Organization)

A

tissue

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6
Q

contains 2 or more types of tissues

(Levels of Structural Organization)

A

organ

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7
Q

organs that work closely together (Levels of Structural Organization)

A

organ system

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8
Q

all organ systems (Levels of Structural Organization)

A

organismal

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9
Q

the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems are together known as the _______ because of their roles in circulating fluids (blood and lymph

A

circulatory system

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10
Q

11 human organ systems

A

integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive

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11
Q

all cells depend on organ systems to meet their survival needs

organ systems work cooperatively to perform necessary life functions

A

Organ Systems’ Interrelationships

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12
Q

the ability of the body to maintain a fairly constant internal environment, regardless of outside environmental changes

A

Homeostasis

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13
Q

chemicals for energy and cell building

A

nutrients

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

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14
Q

essential for energy release (ATP production

A

oxygen

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

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15
Q

most abundant chemical in the body

A

water

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

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16
Q

affects rate of chemical reactions

A

normal body temperature

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

17
Q

for adequate breathing and gas exchange in the lungs

A

appropriate atmospheric pressure

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

18
Q

involve continuous monitoring and regulation of many factors (variables)

A

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

19
Q

local controls that are inherent in an organ

A

intrinsic controls

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

20
Q

regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ

A

extrinsic controls

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

21
Q

primary type of homeostatic control

A

negative feedback system

22
Q

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, vitamins

A

nutrients

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

23
Q

site of chemical reactions

A

water

Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control

24
Q

-accomplished by nervous and endocrine systems

A

extrinsic controls

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

25
Q

opposes initial change (like a thermostat)

A

negative feedback system

26
Q

prevents sudden, severe changes in the body

components:

A

negative feedback system

27
Q

monitors magnitude of a controlled variable

A

sensor

negative feedback system

28
Q

compares sensor’s input with a set point

A

control center

negative feedback system

29
Q

makes a response to produce a desired effect

A

effector

negative feedback system

30
Q

rarer feedback type

A

positive feedback system

31
Q

causes variable to change in the same direction as the initial change (exaggerates original stimulus)

A

positive feedback system

32
Q

typically activates self-perpetuating events

A

positive feedback system

33
Q

most are NOT related to the maintenance of homeostasis

A

positive feedback system

34
Q

(e.g., labor contractions, blood clotting,breastfeeding)

A

positive feedback system

35
Q

can lead to illness and death

pathophysiology
abnormal functioning of the body associated with disease

A

Disruptions in Homeostasis

36
Q

intra

A

within/ inside

37
Q

inter

A

between

38
Q

extra

A

outside

39
Q

special kind of extracellular fluid between the cells

A

interstitial fluid

physiology (14 decks)

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