Homeostasis Flashcards
the study of function
physiology
ability to focus at many levels (from systemic to cellular and molecular)
basic physical principles (e.g., electrical currents, pressure, and movement)
basic chemical principles
essential tools for the study of physiology
atoms and molecules (Levels of Structural Organization)
chemical
cells and their organelles (Levels of Structural Organization)
cellular
groups of similar cells (Levels of Structural Organization)
tissue
contains 2 or more types of tissues
(Levels of Structural Organization)
organ
organs that work closely together (Levels of Structural Organization)
organ system
all organ systems (Levels of Structural Organization)
organismal
the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems are together known as the _______ because of their roles in circulating fluids (blood and lymph
circulatory system
11 human organ systems
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive
all cells depend on organ systems to meet their survival needs
organ systems work cooperatively to perform necessary life functions
Organ Systems’ Interrelationships
the ability of the body to maintain a fairly constant internal environment, regardless of outside environmental changes
Homeostasis
chemicals for energy and cell building
nutrients
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
essential for energy release (ATP production
oxygen
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
most abundant chemical in the body
water
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
affects rate of chemical reactions
normal body temperature
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
for adequate breathing and gas exchange in the lungs
appropriate atmospheric pressure
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
involve continuous monitoring and regulation of many factors (variables)
Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
local controls that are inherent in an organ
intrinsic controls
Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ
extrinsic controls
Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
primary type of homeostatic control
negative feedback system
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, vitamins
nutrients
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
site of chemical reactions
water
Survival Needs Under Homeostatic Control
-accomplished by nervous and endocrine systems
extrinsic controls
Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
